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1 Semester - 2023 - Batch | Course Code |
Course |
Type |
Hours Per Week |
Credits |
Marks |
MLIF131 | MICROBIOLOGY | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF132 | BIOCHEMISTRY | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF133 | CELL BIOLOGY | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF134 | GENETICS | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF135 | MATHEMATICS FOR BIOLOGISTS | Generic Elective Courses | 2 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF136 | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES | Skill Enhancement Courses | 2 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF151 | MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LAB | Core Courses | 8 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF152 | CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS LAB | Core Courses | 8 | 4 | 100 |
2 Semester - 2023 - Batch | Course Code |
Course |
Type |
Hours Per Week |
Credits |
Marks |
MBTY231 | RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MBTY232 | PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MBTY233 | ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MBTY252 | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS | - | 8 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF231 | MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF235 | BIOSTATISTICS | - | 3 | 3 | 100 |
MLIF251 | GENETIC ENGINEERING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTS LAB | - | 8 | 4 | 100 |
3 Semester - 2022 - Batch | Course Code |
Course |
Type |
Hours Per Week |
Credits |
Marks |
MBTY331 | BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MBTY332 | ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MBTY333 | DISEASE BIOLOGY | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MBTY334 | ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY | Core Courses | 3 | 3 | 100 |
MBTY351 | IMMUNOLOGY AND BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING LAB | Core Courses | 8 | 4 | 100 |
MBTY352 | ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY,DISEASE BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF331 | IMMUNOLOGY | Core Courses | 4 | 4 | 100 |
4 Semester - 2022 - Batch | Course Code |
Course |
Type |
Hours Per Week |
Credits |
Marks |
MLIF441A | FOOD, AGRICULTRURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF441B | FOOD TECHNOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF441C | NUTRITION AND HEALTH SCIENCE | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF441D | BIOPHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF441E | NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF442A | ALGAL TECHNOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF442B | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF442C | SERICULTURE AND SERITECHNOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF442D | FORENSIC BIOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF442E | OCEANOGEAPHY AND FISHERY TECHNOLOGY | - | 4 | 4 | 100 |
MLIF451A | FOOD, AGRICULTRURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF451B | FOOD TECHNOLOGY LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF451C | NUTRITION AND HEALTH SCIENCE LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF451D | BIOPHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF451E | NANOTECHNOLOGY LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF452A | ALGAL TECHNOLOGY LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF452B | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF452C | SERICULTURE AND SERITECHNOLOGY LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF452D | FORENSIC BIOLOGY LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF452E | OCEANOGEAPHY AND FISHERY TECHNOLOGY LAB | - | 4 | 2 | 50 |
MLIF481A | RESEARCH PROJECT | - | 0 | 6 | 150 |
MLIF481B | INDUSTRIAL PROJECT | - | 0 | 6 | 150 |
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Introduction to Program: | |
Biotechnology is a fundamental area of applied science that utilizes living cells and cellular materials to create pharmaceutical, diagnostic, agricultural, environmental, and other products to benefit society. The Master of Science in Biotechnology is designed to provide specialized scientific learning along with skills training to help students explore various career paths in agriculture, health care, forensics, industrial processing, and environmental management. Students will be provided hands on learning into the functioning of the biotechnology industry. Students will have to undertake an Industry Project in their second year of the programme. | |
Programme Outcome/Programme Learning Goals/Programme Learning Outcome: PO1: Demonstrate theoretical and technical understanding of the concepts in Biotechnology.PO2: Apply state of the art techniques in advanced Biotechnology research. PO3: Understand and critically appraise new data arising from the use of techniques and to interpret the implications of data for the welfare of the society. PO4: Evaluate the commercial, ethical and regulatory aspects of Biotechnology sector. PO5: Develop competency for employment and entrepreneurship. PO6: Develop proficiency for competitive exams | |
Assesment Pattern | |
Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
Examination And Assesments | |
The evaluation scheme for each course shall contain two parts; (a) internal evaluation and (b) external evaluation. 50% weightage shall be given to internal evaluation and the remaining 50% to external evaluation and the ratio and weightage between internal and external is 1:1. (a) Internal evaluation: The internal evaluation shall be based on predetermined transparent system involving periodic written tests, assignments, seminars and attendance in respect of theory courses and based on written tests, lab skill/records/viva and attendance in respect of practical courses. |
MLIF131 - MICROBIOLOGY (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Microbes play a very significant role in the lives of higher organisms. The paper surveys the features of microbes like bacteria, viruses, fungi, algae and protozoa in order to make the students understand their biology so as to manipulate them. This course fulfils the basic knowledge in microbiology for those students who wish to pursue career in allied health fields and other technical programs. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Examine and evaluate the structure and functions of various microbes
CO2: Investigate and interpret the pathogenesis of microorganisms and their treatment
CO3: Demonstrate proficiency in microbial techniques to become competent for jobs in dairy, pharmaceutical, industrial and clinical research.
CO4: Design and execute experiments to understand the significance of microbes in the environmental sustainability and industrial products
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
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Introductory Microbiology
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History of Microbiology, Microscopy – Light, Phase contrast, Fluorescence & Electron microscopy – TEM and SEM, Physical and Chemical control of microorganisms, Classification and nomenclature of microorganisms, Bergey’s manual, Staining techniques - Gram’s, acid fast, capsular, flagellar and endospore staining. Microbial Taxonomy: Pure culture techniques (Streaking, spread plate, pour plate, serial dilution), Identification of microorganisms – Morphological, Biochemical, serological and molecular techniques. Microbial Culture preservation techniques. | ||||||
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
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Prokaryotic cell structure
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Bacterial cell structure, classification based on shape and arrangement of cells, Cellwall, flagella, pili and capsule – structure & functions, endospore formation. Bacterial secretory system | ||||||
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
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Physiology of Microorganisms
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Microbial metabolism: Aerobic, anaerobic respiration, fermentation, Catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Bacterial photosynthesis, oxidation of inorganic molecules. Growth curve, factors affecting growth, Nutritional classification, Microbial associations (Mutualism, Syntrophism, Proto-cooperation, Commensalism, Ammensalism, Predation, Parasitism,), Stress physiology: effect of oxygen toxicity, pH, osmotic pressure, heat shock on bacteria, HSPs, thermophiles, halophiles, alkaliphiles, acidophiles, psychrophiles and barophiles and their adaptations and significance, Bacterial biofilm formation (mechanism and mode of resistance), Nitrogen fixation mechanisms and genes involved. | ||||||
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
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Virology
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Viruses – Structure and classification based on shape and nucleic acid, Plant viruses – symptoms, transmission and control strategies of TMV, CaMV, Animal viruses - DNA viruses: Hepatitis B virus. RNA viruses: HIV, Nipah virus and Coronavirus (structure, infection cycle and risk factors) Bacteriophages-. Life cycle of Lambda phage.. Cultivation and assay of viruses: Cultivation of viruses in embryonated eggs, experimental animals and cell cultures. | ||||||
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
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Mycology and Phycology
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Fungi:- Structural features, Ainsworth’s system of classification, salient features of division, reproduction of fungi, fungi as food, as plant pathogens, control measures of fungi, Mycorrhizae- ecto and endomycorrhizae, significance, Algae:- Salient features, classification (Fritsch’s) and reproduction, , Symbiotic algae, use as biofuel, Algae as SCP (advantages and disadvantages) | ||||||
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
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Medical Microbiology
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Concepts of pathogenesis, virulence and epidemiology, Disease classification - Epidemic, endemic and pandemics, CDC and its role, normal human microflora, gut microbiota and its relevance. Major Bacterial disease –Tuberculosis. Major parasitic diseases –Malaria, Diagnosis and control of infections, Antibiotic – types and mechanism of action, biomedical waste management, nosocomial infections, Drug resistance in bacteria – causes and consequences, superbugs. | ||||||
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
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Applied Microbiology
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Microbes in food manufacture (Yeast, Lactobacillus etc), food spoilage (Brucella, Bacillus, Clostridium, Escherichia etc, mycotoxins - aflatoxins, ochratoxins, ergot alkaloids), agriculture (Rhizobium, Trichoderma etc), environmental management, Biodegradation of Xenobiotics - hydrocarbons, pesticides and plastics, Bioleaching of Copper, Iron , Uranium, Gold. | ||||||
Text Books And Reference Books:
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Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | ||||||
MLIF132 - BIOCHEMISTRY (2023 Batch) | ||||||
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
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Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
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Course Objectives/Course Description |
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The paper is intended to develop understanding and provide scientific basis of the inanimate molecules that constitute living organisms. It also gives a thorough knowledge about the structure and function of biological macromolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids), and the metabolic and bioenergetic pathways within the cell. Students learn to interpret and solve clinical problems. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Understand the fundamental properties of biomolecules and their importance in biological systems
CO2: Apply the knowledge of biochemistry to correlate the structure and functional relationships of biomolecules in living organisms.
CO3: Demonstrate the importance of high energy, electron transport chain and ATP synthesis.
CO4: Identify the significance of enzymes, vitamins and hormones in human metabolis |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Foundation of Biochemistry and Bioenergetics
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Forces and interactions of biomolecules; chemical bonds – Covalent and Ionic bond (bond energy), Stabilizing interactions (Van der Waals, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction.), high energy molecules in living system (ATP, ADP, NAD, NADH, NADPH, FAD, FADH2). Buffers and Solutions: Concept of pH, pKa, titration curve, acids, bases and buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation, biological buffer solutions. Laws of thermodynamics, Concept of free energy, enthalpy, entropy, Coupled reactions, group transfer, biological energy transducers, redox potential. Principles of thermodynamics; Kinetics, dissociation and association constants; energy rich bonds and weak interactions; Bioenergetics. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Carbohydrates
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Classification, structure and Properties of mono, oligo and polysaccharides. Chirality and optical activity, stereoisomerism, cyclic structure of monosaccharide, (pyranoses and furanoses) , structures of glucose. Absolute and relative configuration (D & L and R & S nomenclature). Disaccharides-structures of Maltose, Lactose, Sucrose, Trehalose, Raffinose. Polysaccharides. Structure and properties of homo and hetero polysaccharides. Storage polysaccharides. (Starch, Glycogen, cellulose, hemicellulose, and chitin) Derived sugars- Sugar acids (Aldonic, Aldaric and Saccharic acids), amino sugars. Derivatives of carbohydrates (Glycosaminoglycans, glycolipids, Proteoglycan and glycoproteins). Carbohydrate metabolism:Glycogenolysis, Glycogenesis, Glycolysis- Energetics and Regulation, Fermentation reactions (Lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation), Gluconeogenesis, Reciprocal regulation of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis, Citric acid cycle- Energetics and regulation, Glyoxylate cycle. Pentose phosphate pathway. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:11 |
Proteins
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Amino acids - Structure, properties, classification and functions, modifications of amino acids in proteins, non-protein amino acids. Proteins - peptide bond, Ramachandran's plot, Structural organizations of proteins (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary, Domains, Motifs & Folds),. Structure and functional classification of proteins. Structure- function relationship.Thermodynamics of protein folding, denaturation and renaturation with examples, chaperones and chaperonins. Protein turnover (ubiquitin-mediated). Membrane proteins: channels and pumps. Keratin, Silk fibroin, collagen triple helix and haemoglobin. Amino acid and Protein metabolism: Transamination, Deamination, Decarboxylation, urea cycle and its regulation, formation of uric acid. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Enzyme Kinetics
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Enzymes: Enzyme nomenclature and classification. Isozymes, Coenzymes and cofactor, Metalloenzymes, membrane bound enzymes, Multienzyme complexes, Ribozymes, proteases, nucleases. Isolation and purification of enzymes. Factors affecting enzyme activity. Mechanism of enzyme action, Active site and Specificity of enzyme. Theories on enzyme substrate complex. Free energy of enzyme reactions. Steady state kinetics. Michaelis-Menton, and Lineweaver–Burk equations. Enzyme inhibition –competitive, non – competitive, uncompetitive, mixed and irreversible inhibition. Allosteric regulation in metabolic pathways. Applications of enzymes, enzyme engineering (Protein engineering). Immobilization of enzymes and their application. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
Lipids
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Classification- Structure, properties, reactions and biological functions of lipids, role as cell membranes. Phospholipids, Sphingo and glycolipids, Steroids, cholesterol, bile salts, steroid hormones, Cerebrosides, lip amino acids, lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, eicosanoids (Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and thromboxane). Biosynthesis of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol. Beta oxidation of Fatty acids: activation, transport to mitochondria, metabolic pathway. Oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Alpha and omega oxidation, metabolic disorders, atherosclerosis, fatty liver, triglyceridemia, Tay-Sachs disease. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Nucleic Acids
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Structure and properties- Bases, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, Polynucleotides. Biosynthesis and regulation of purines and pyrimidines, Denovo and Salvage pathways, biodegradation of purines and pyrimidines. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
Oxidative Phosphorylation
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Electron transport chain, Electron transfer reactions in mitochondria, Electron carriers, Ubiquinone, Cytochromes, Iron sulfur centers, Methods to determine sequence of electron carriers, Fractionation of Multi enzyme complexes I, II, III, IV of Mitochondria and their inhibitors, Oxidative phosphorylation, ATP synthesis, Chemiosmotic model, Proton gradient, Structure of ATP synthetase, Mechanism of ATP synthesis, Brown fat, Regulation of Oxidative phosphorylation. | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
Vitamins and Hormones
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Vitamins: Classification, Chemistry and Biological Functions, Fat and water soluble vitamins. Role in metabolism, Vitamins as coenzymes. Metabolic Disorders – A, B, C, D, K. Hormones: Autocrine, paracrine and endocrine action. Endocrine glands. Classification of hormones, basic mechanism of hormone action, importance of TSH, T3, T4, Estrogen, Testosterone, HCG, FSH, LH, Prolactin, Progesterone, adrenaline, insulin and glucagon. Hormone imbalance and disorders: hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Polycystic Ovarian Disorder PCOD), Insulin Dependent Diabetes. Plant Growth regulators: Physiological role and mechanism of action of plant growth hormones (Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene, abscisic acid and Brassinosteroids), receptors and signal transduction and Systemic acquired resistance (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways).
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Text Books And Reference Books:
Nelson, D. C. and Cox, M.M., Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th Edition, W. H. Freeman, 2010. Voet D., Voet J.G, Biochemistry 4th Edition., John Wiley and Sons, 2011. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
Elliott, W.H., Elliott, D.C. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 3rd Indian edition, Pub. Oxford. Mathews, Van Holde and Ahern, Biochemistry by 3rd edition, Pub Pearson education Berg J.M., Tymoczko J.L. and Stryer L., Biochemistry. 7th edition, W.H. Freeman and Co. New York, 2011. Kuchel, P.W., Ralston Schaums, G.B. Outlines of Biochemistry 2nd edition Pub: Tata. Devlin, T.M. (1997). Biochemistry with clinical correlations, Wiley-Liss Inc. NY Zubey, G.L. Parson, W.W., Vance, D.E. (1994). Principles of Biochemistry WmC Brown publishers. Oxford. Edwards and Hassall. Biochemistry and Physiology of the cell 2ndEdn. McGraw Hill Co. UK. Ltd. | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MLIF133 - CELL BIOLOGY (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This paper has been designed in a standard manner to impart knowledge of the cell and its various attributes among the post graduate students. The topics included in this paper gives not only the basic idea about the subject but also provides in-depth knowledge. Students get an idea about the cellular structures, as well as how these structures are helpful for the cell to communicate with its environment and transduction of various signals, whether intracellular or extra-cellular. Furthermore, students also learn the mechanism of mitotic and meiotic cell division as well as how the cell cycle is regulated. The course structure also fulfils the important criteria regarding the preparation of students for the competitive examinations, for e.g. National Eligibility Test (NET), conducted by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), as well as various other entrance examinations for pursuing doctoral research. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Demonstrate knowledge on basic and advanced cell biology concepts to perform research.
CO2: Evaluate the significance of cellular activities in diseases.
CO3: Understand the concepts of signal transduction processes in cellular response towards external stimuli.
CO4: Examine various microscopic imaging techniques to explore biological processes and structures at cellular level.
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
CELLS AND THEIR STUDY
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Introduction: Discovery of cells, basic properties and classes of cells. Study of cells: Microscopy: Brief overview of Light microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, electron microscopy, Confocal Microscopes, Scanning probe microscope, micrometry. Purification of cells and their parts: cells separation and culture, flow cytometry, fractionation of cell contents. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PLASMA MEMBRANE
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Structure: History of studies on plasma membrane structure, Singer-Nicolson Model, Chemical composition of plasma membrane: lipids, proteins and carbohydrates; Dynamic nature of plasma membrane: role of lipids in membrane fluidity, lipid ordered state, lipid disordered state; membrane asymmetry - roles of flippases, floppases and scramblases; diffusion of proteins, restrictions of lipids and proteins mobility: fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching (FRAP), single-particle tracking, membrane domains and cell polarity. Functions: Movement of substance across the membrane: Energetics of movement of solute, partition coefficient, Simple diffusion: mechanism, ion channels and types (voltage, ligand and mechano-gated ion channels), Facilitated diffusion (Glucose transport, GLUT proteins) and active transport (Na+/K+ ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase, P and V-type ATPases, H+/K+ ATPase, ABC transporters); Cotransport(Uniport, Symport and Antiport); Membrane potentials and Nerve impulse: resting potential, action potential and its propagation as an impulse. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF CELL ORGANELLES
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Cell wall: Primary wall, middle lamella and secondary wall; Lysosomes: structure and functions, autophagy; Endoplasmic reticulum: structure and functions of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum; Signal hypothesis, Golgi complex: structure and function and movement of materials through Golgi apparatus. Structure and function of mitochondria: Structure of mitochondria: mitochondrial membranes, mitochondrial matrix; Structure and function of chloroplast, photophosphorylation; carbon dioxide fixation: synthesis of carbohydrates in C3, C4 and CAM plants. Nucleus - structure and function, nuclear pore complex, lamina; Chromosome structure, solenoid model, Ribosomes, Peroxisomes and Glyoxyosmes. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
MICROTECHNIQUES
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Principles and importance; Whole mount preparation; Types of microscopic slides; Types of microtome; Process: Killing and fixing, Types fixation & fixatives, Dehydration, Microtome sectioning, Stains and staining, Mounting and mountants; Histochemical techniques for starch, protein, lipid and lignin; Specimen preparation for electron microscopy: Material collection, fixing, dehydration, embedding, sectioning and staining. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
CYTOSKELETON
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Study of cytoskeleton: Live cell fluorescence imaging, in vitro and in vivo single molecule assays; Microtubules: Structure, microtubule associated proteins, properties of microtubules with reference to the structures and functions of cilia and flagella; Intermediate filaments: structure and function; Microfilaments: basic Structure and function with reference to myosin.
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Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS
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Extra cellular matrix; Communication between cells and extracellular materials: roles of integrins, focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes; Communication between cells and other cells: roles of selectins, immunoglobulin superfamily, cadherins, adherens junctions and desmosomes; Tight Junctions; Gap Junctions; Plasmodesmata. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
CELL SIGNALLING
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Signaling mediated by G-protein coupled receptors, second messengers, enzyme tyrosine kinase, steroid receptors, role of calcium and NO as intracellular messenger, signaling via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis, two-component signaling in plants and bacteria; Quorum sensing. | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
CELL CYCLE AND CANCER
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Phases and progression of cell cycle; Control of cell cycle: Major events, cyclin dependent protein kinases (Cdks), suppression of Cdk by Cdk-Inhibirotry Proteins (CdI), dependence of Cdks on transcriptional regulation, biochemical switches in cell cycle, mitogen stimulated cell division: G1-Cdk and G1/S Cdk activities; Apoptosis: role of Caspases, Extrinsic and Intrinsic pathways, roles of Bcl2 and IAPs in apoptosis, inhibition of apoptosis by extracellular factors; Necrosis. Cancer: Benign and Malignant tumors, metastasis, oncogenes (retinoblastoma) and tumor suppressor genes (p53). | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
G. Karp, Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments, 6th ed. USA: Wiley and Sons, 2009. G. M. Cooper and H. E. Robert, The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 6th ed. USA: S Sinauer Associates Inc., 2013. B. J. Alberts, B. Alexander, and L. Julian, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th ed. New York: Garland Science, 2008. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
P. S. Verma and V.K. Agarwal, Cell Biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution and Ecology, New Delhi: S. Chand and Co. Pvt. Ltd., 2010. A. Paul, Text Book of Cell and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed. India: Books and Allied (P) Ltd;, 2011. | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MLIF134 - GENETICS (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Analyze the concept of genetics involved in trait expression CO2: Understand the inheritance pattern of genetic disorders CO3: Examine the sex determination process in life forms
CO4: Evaluate the molecular mechanism involved in changes in the genetic structure of the population and evolution. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
History of Genetics
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Mendelism – basic principles (brief study). Extensions of Mendelism, Multiple allele, Genetic interaction, Epistatic interactions, Non-Epistatic inter-allelic genetic interactions, Atavism/Reversion, penetrance and expressivity of genes. Nonmendelian inheritance – cytoplasmic inheritance.
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Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Sex Chromosomes and sex determinationin animals and plants
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Sex Chromosomes and sex determination in animals and plants; Dosage Compensation of X-Linked Genes: Hyperactivation of X-linked genes in male Drosophila, Inactivation of X-linked genes in female mammals, Genes involved in sex determination,.Environment and sex determination, Hormonal control of Sex determination
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Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Linkage and genetic mapping
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Linkage and Crossing over - Stern’s hypothesis, Creighton and McClintock’s experiments, single cross over, multiple cross over, two-point cross, three-point cross, map distances, gene order, interference and co-efficient of coincidence. Haploid mapping (Neurospora), Mapping in bacteria and bacteriophages. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Inheritance of traits in humans
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Pedigree analysis, determination of human genetic diseases by pedigree analysis, genetic mapping in human pedigrees.Heterochromatization in human beings,Human karyotype, Banding techniques, classification, use of Human Cyto-genetics in Medical science, Chromosomal abnormalities in spontaneous abortions | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
Quantitative genetics
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Polygenic inheritance, Statistics of Quantitative Genetics: Frequency distributions, the mean and the modal class, the variance and the standard deviation, Analysis of quantitative traits: -The multiple factor hypothesis, Partitioning the phenotypic variance; QTL, effect of environmental factors and artificial selection on polygenic inheritance.
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Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Population genetics
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(a) Gene pool, allele and genotype frequency. Hardy-Weinberg law and its applications, estimation of allele and genotype frequency of dominant genes, codominant genes, sex-linked genes and multiple alleles. Genetic equilibrium, genetic polymorphism. (b) Factors that alter allelic frequencies; (i) mutation (ii) genetic drift - bottle neck effect and founder effect (iii) migration (iv) selection (v) nonrandom mating, inbreeding coefficient. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Speciation and Evolutionary Genetics
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Emergence of evolutionary theory; Genetic Variation in Natural Populations: variation in phenotypes, variation in chromosome structure; Molecular Evolution: Molecules As “Documents of EvolutionaryHistory”, Molecular Phylogenies, Rates of Molecular Evolution, the Molecular Clock, Variation in the Evolution of Protein Sequences, Variation in the Evolution of DNA Sequences, The Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution, Mutation And GeneticDrift, Molecular Evolution and Phenotypic Evolution. Species concept; Types of speciation. Mechanism of speciation - Genetic divergences and isolating mechanisms. Patterns of speciation - allopatric, sympatric, quantum and parapatric speciation, Pre-mating and Post mating isolating mechanisms, role of isolation in Speciation, Convergent evolution; sexual selection; co-evolution; Human Evolution: Humans and the Great Apes, Human Evolution in the Fossil Record, DNA Sequence Variation and Human Origins. Interaction of Genotype and Environment. | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
Molecular Genetics
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Fundamentals of Bacterial and Viral Genetics, Genetic Transformation, Conjugation and the Escherichia coli Paradigm, Conjugation Systems Other than F, Genetics of Temperate Bacteriophages, Chromosomal aberrations: in oncogenes, Genetics of immune system,Congenital malformations,Invasive Prenatal diagnosis,Genetics and Society
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Text Books And Reference Books:
1. Benjamin Lewin (2000). Genes VII. Oxford university press. 2. Gardner E J, Simmons M J, Snustad D P (1991). Principles of Genetics (III Edn). John Wiley and Sons Inc. 3. Snustad D P, Simmons M J (2000). Principles of Genetics (III Edn). John Wiley and Sons. 4. Strickberger (2005). Genetics (III Edn). Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. 5. William S Klug, Michael R Cummings (1994). Concepts of Genetics. Prentice Hall. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
1. Robert J Brooker (2009). Genetics: Analysis and principles (III Edn). McGraw Hill 2. Daniel L Hartl, Elizabeth W Jones (2009). Genetics: Analysis of genes and genomes (VII Edn). Jones and Bartlett publishers. 3. D Peter Snustad, Michael J Simmons (2010). Principles of genetics (V Edn). John Wiley and Sons. 4. George Ledyard Stebbins (1971). Process of Organic evolution. 5. Roderic D M Page, Edward C Holmes (1998). Molecular Evolution: A phylogenetic approach. 6. Blackwell Science Ltd. 7. MaxtoshiNei, Sudhir Kumar (2000). Molecular Evolution and phylogenetics. Oxford University Press. 8. Katy Human (2006). Biological evolution: An anthology of current thought. The Rosen publishing group, Inc. 9. Monroe W Strickberger (1990). Evolution. Jones and Bartlett publishers. 10. E d w a r d A . B i r g e, Bacterial and Bacteriophage Genetics, 5th Ed. Springer | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MLIF135 - MATHEMATICS FOR BIOLOGISTS (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:30 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:2 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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To understand what is meant by concentration, by volume, and by amount, and their interrelationships Make the students able to convert multiples of one unit to another To make the students understand that there is a physical limit to the volume of a solution you can pipette, determined by your equipment |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: After the completion of the course students will be able to handle the mathematical problems. CO2: Students will be able to use mathematical applications in biological sciences.
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Numbers
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Fractions, Decimals and Percentages, Amounts, Volumes and Concentrations, Scientific Notation, Conversion of Units. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Functions
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Solving Equations and Evaluating Expressions, Logarithms, Straight-Line and Non-Straight-Line Graphs, Rate of Change | |
Text Books And Reference Books: P. C. Foster, Easy Mathematics for Biologists. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers, 2003. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading P. C. Foster, Easy Mathematics for Biologists. The Netherlands: Harwood Academic Publishers, 2003. | |
Evaluation Pattern Countinous Internal Assessment: 50 marks Assignment - 10 Mini project - 20 exam - 20 | |
MLIF136 - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:30 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:2 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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1. To understand the theoretical basis of conducting research 2. To design a research 3. Understanding the importance of the research paper 4. To impart knowledge regarding the ethics in research |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: develop overall concept on research and shall be able to conduct research experiments independently
CO2: design and formulate research proposal for the extramural grants
CO3: understand the concept of indexing of scientific journals, books etc
CO4: demonstrate research and review articles writing skills
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Concepts of Research and Research Formulation
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Need for research, stages of research; Basic concepts of research -Meaning, Objectives, Motivation and Approaches. Types of Research (Descriptive/Analytical, Applied/ Fundamental, Quantitative/Qualitative, Conceptual/ Empirical); Research formulation -Observation and Facts, Prediction and explanation, Induction, Deduction; Defining and formulating the research problem, Selecting the problem and necessity of defining the problem | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Scientific Documentation
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Laboratory record, CAS, Good Documentation Practises, Data Integrity Workbook maintenance, Various funding agencies (National: ICMR, DST DBT etc and International:Humboldt-Forschungsstipendium), Project proposal writing, Research report writing (Thesis and dissertations, Research articles, Oral communications); Presentation techniques - Assignment, Seminar, Debate, Workshop, Colloquium, Conference.
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Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Research Communication
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Basic concept and parameters of various Indexing agencies: Scopus and SCImago (SNIP, SJR and CiteScore), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics, Impact Factor) DOAJ, PubMed Central (PMC), ScienceDirect, Indexing types in UGC CARE (two tiers), other indexing agencies (Index Copernicus, Google Scholar, EMBASE etc), InFlibnet and Sodhganga Concept on Open access, types (Gold & Green) Types of articles, basic concept on DOI, ISBN, ISSN, ORCID, Crossmark-Crossref, Concept on Volume and Issue Literature review -Importance of literature reviewing in defining a problem, Critical literature review, Identifying gap areas from literature review Original research article; technique of writing, different sections, finding journals (Elsevier® JournalFinder and Springer Journal Suggester) Basic concepts on Mini review, Short communication, Letter to the Editor. Commentaries, Book Chapter Concept on publishing houses: International (e.g. Elsevier, Springer-Nature, Taylor-Francis, Willey Online, Sage etc) and National (CSIR, Indian Academy of Science etc) Concept on Peer review process Concept on Predatory Journal, Beall’s List Concept on Citations and References, Different referencing styles: APA, IEEE, MLA, and Chicago
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Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Information Science and Research Software
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Intellectual Property Rights - Copy right, Designs, Patents, Trademarks Referencing software (EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero), Processing software (MS Word, MS Excel) Statistical software (Minitab, SPSS- ANOVA, t Test, Regression)
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Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Ethics
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Concept of Plagiarism (UGC guideline) Animal Welfare Board of India, Committee for the Purpose of Control And Supervision of Experiments on Animals, hazards (symbols and NFPA Hazard Identification System) Extension: Lab to Field, Extension communication, Extension tools; Bioethics: Laws in India, Working with man and animals, Consent, Biodiversity Board (Central and states)
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Text Books And Reference Books: 1. Thomas, C.G., Research Methodology and Scientific Writing. Anne Books Pvt. Ltd. Bengaluru. 2017. 2. Dawson, C. Practical research methods. UBS Publishers, New Delhi. 2002. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Stapleton, P., Yondeowei, A., Mukanyange, J., Houten, H. Scientific writing for agricultural research scientists – a training reference manual. West Africa Rice Development Association, Hong Kong, 1995. 2. Ruzin, S.E. Plant micro technique and microscopy. Oxford University Press, New York, U.S.A., 1999.
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Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be based on 10% CIA 1, 25% CIA 2, 10% CIA 3 and 5% Attendance | |
MLIF151 - MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LAB (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:120 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:8 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Analyze the physical, chemical and biological properties of the microbes. CO2: Examine the clinical samples
CO3: Demonstrate antimicrobial assays
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Microbiology Practical
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1.Safety rules, instrumentation and media preparation-- Nutrient agar, Potato dextrose Agar, differential media etc. 2.Staining techniques: Simple, Differential: acid-fast, endospore, capsule, cell wall, cytoplasmic inclusion, vital stains: flagella, spore and nuclear staining. 3.Collection and processing of clinical samples for microbiological examination 4.Antimicrobial susceptibility tests- a. Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test and Dilution sensitivity test-MIC and MBC against Yeast and other fungi. 5.Determination of Growth of bacteria, yeast and algae – Growth curve and generation time. 6.Isolation and culture of Rhizobium and production of biofertilizer 7.Biochemical tests Catalase, oxidase, IMViC, motility, gelatine test, urease,, nitrate reduction, acid and gas from glucose, starch, carbohydrate fermentation test, oxidative fermentative test. 8.Isolation of fungi from soil: Dilution plate method, Warcup method, stamping method. 9.Screening for antibiotic producing microbes (antibacterial, antifungal) 10. Visit to microbiology R & D lab.
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Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Biochemistry Practical
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1. Laboratory safety guidelines 2. Preparation of buffers applying HH equation 3. Validation of Beer-Lambert’s Law (colorimetery and spectrophotometer) 4. Qualitative and Quantitative analysis of carbohydrates 5. Isolation and quantification of protein (Folin Lowry/BCA, Bradford). 6. Estimation of proteins by Biuret method 7. Determination of specific activity, Km & Vmax, Optimum pH, Temperature of Amylase/Alkaline phosphatase /protease/cellulase 8. Estimation of cholesterol by Zaks method 9. Estimation of IAA by Salkowskis method 10. Estimation of Ascorbic acid in citrus using 2, 6 dichlorophenol Indophenol. 11. Simple assays for vitamins and hormones
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Text Books And Reference Books: T. R. Johnson and C. L. Case, Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology, 10th ed.: San Fransisc: Benjamin Cummings, 2012. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading S Sadasivam and A. Manickam, Biochemical Methods, 2nd ed. New Delhi: New Age International Publishers Ltd., 1996. | |
Evaluation Pattern Performance: 20% Mid Semester Examination: 20% Record: 10% End Semester Examination: 50% | |
MLIF152 - CELL BIOLOGY AND GENETICS LAB (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:120 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:8 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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The paper imparts practical knowledge on the biology of cells and also on the basic experiments in biochemistry. It deals with detailed microscopic studies of basic cell multiplication processes like mitosis and meiosis. Microscopy techniques are given utmost importance. Furthermore, knowledge of Genetics will help them to solve various complicated genetic problems. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Demonstrate microscopic skills. CO2: Design experiments involving cell fractionation using non-cooling and cooling centrifuges.
CO3: Analyse and enumerate organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts.
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Cell Biology
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Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Genetics
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Text Books And Reference Books: J. E. Celis, Cell Biology: A laboratory Hand Book, 3rded. USA: Elsevier Academic Press, 2006. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading J. E. Celis, Cell Biology: A laboratory Hand Book, 3rded. USA: Elsevier Academic Press, 2006. | |
Evaluation Pattern The pattern of CIA Evaluation: Performance: 20 marks Analysing the genetic problems using SPSS/Origin/SigmaPlot: 20 marks Mid Semester Examination: 40 marks Record: 20 marks The pattern of End Semester Practical Examination: Time: 6 Hours Total Marks: 100 1. Isolation of chloroplast and estimation of chlorophyll content from the given sample (20 marks) OR Isolation and enumeration of chloroplast from the given sample OR Isolation and enumeration of mitochondria from yeast. (Introduction: 2 marks; Principle: 4 marks; Procedure: 4 marks; Results and discussion: 10 marks) 2. Preparation of buccal smear for the study of Barr body (15 marks)
OR Prepare temporary squash of the given biological sample and report any two stages of mitosis.
OR Prepare temporary squash of the given biological sample and report any two stages of meiosis. (Introduction: 2 marks; Principle: 3 marks; Procedure: 2 marks; Results and discussion: 8 marks) 3. Logical Reasoning (3 X 3 marks = 9 marks) 4. Spotters (4 X 4 marks = 16 marks) 5. Viva (10 marks) 6. Problems in Genetics (30 marks)
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MBTY231 - RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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The objective of the course is to impart in depth knowledge about the concepts in genetic engineering-enzymes, biology of cloning vehicles, vector and host considerations, gene libraries, analysis and expression of the cloned gene in host cell and understand ethical issues and biosafety regulations. It gives emphasis to practical applications of genetic engineering tools in academic and industrial research. At the end of the course the student will have detailed knowledge of recombinant DNA technology essential for taking up projects in the field of Biotechnology. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students will know about the different tools for making of recombinant DNA CO2: Students will be able to create rDNA molecules. C03: Students will be able to screen and select for the desired clone from the rDNA
molecules created CO4: Students will be able to express and purify the protein from the rDNA molecule. CO5: Students will be able to understand the application of rDNA technology. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:20 |
Tools to make rDNA
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Introduction to rDNA technology, DNA modifying enzymes and its functions (DNA Polymerases, Klenow fragment, Ligase, S1 Nuclease, Mung Bean nuclease, Alkaline Phosphatase, Terminal Transferase, Polynucleotide kinases, Polynucleotide phosphorylase, Calf intestinal alkaline Phosphatases, Shrimp Alkaline Phosphatases, RNase A, RNase H, DNase 1, DNase II, Exonuclease III, Reverse Transcriptase) Restriction modification system, Restriction enzymes – function, classification (Based on recognition and restriction sequence:-type I, II and III; based on buffer salt concentration: - low, medium and high; based on pattern of restriction:-sticky (5’ and 3’) and blunt end cutters, Plasmids (Types, copy number, properties, origin of replication and incompatibility group, plasmid amplification), bacteriophages eg. λ (Life cycle, genome organization, feasibility as a cloning vehicle), Types of Cloning Vectors (structure and general features of General Purpose cloning vectors, Expression vectors, Promoter probe Vectors, shuttle vectors), Examples of cloning vectors (pBR322, pUC series of vectors, λ insertional and replacement vectors), derivatives of phages and plasmids (cosmids, phagemids, phasmids) cloning vectors for large DNA fragments and genomic DNA library YACs, PACs and BACs. Host and vector consideration, Host Organisms and its genotypes- JM 109 & DH5α, Selectable and scorable markers, reporter genes, prokaryotic and eukaryotic markers (lacZ, CAT, Gus, GFP, cre-loxP system, sac B system, npt II gene, luciferase gene, dhfr gene, herbicide resistance gene) | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Making of rDNA molecule
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General strategies for isolation of genomic and plasmid DNA, RNA, strategies for isolation of gene of interest (restriction digestion, PCR), Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - Basic principle, methodology, Gradient PCR, Hot start PCR Touchdown PCR, inverse PCR RT PCR, Real time PCR, Creation of r-DNA (Restriction Digestion, modification of vector and insert, linker, adaptors, homopolymer tailing, ligation), PCR Cloning, Construction of genomic and cDNA libraries (Selection of vectors and Complexity of library), Methods of gene transfer- Calcium chloride mediated, Electroporation, Biolistic gun, lipofection and microinjection. In vitro packaging | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Screening and analysis of rDNA molecules
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Blotting techniques- Southern, Northern and Western, Differential display. Gene sequencing- Chemical, enzymatic, pyrosequencing, next generation sequencing, Immunological screening and colony and plaque hybridization, dot blot hybridization, chromosome walking, FISH, RACE, Chromosome walking. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Expression & Control of Genes
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Protein production by foreign DNA in the host bacteria E. coli, Factors influencing expression, properties of expression vector, examples of expression vectors, tags for purification of expressed proteins, FLAG expression vector system, cloning in pET vectors, eukaryotic vectors- Baculovirus based vectors, mammalian viral vectors, expression Host, Modification and folding of protein in-vitro, | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Applications of r-DNA Technology
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Transgenic organisms, Advantages and disadvantages of Genetically Modified Organisms, Transgenic animal- Gene therapy. The Use of Transgenic animals mice in areas other than recombinant protein production. Transgenic plants- applications, special emphasis to pharmaceutical products. Engineered Nutritional Changes- golden rice, Engineered herbicide resistance, Engineered pesticide resistance. Production of recombinant proteins (Insulin), recombinant vaccines (Hepatitis B), Hormones (Human growth hormone). Genome projects and its Applications. International treaties/agreements in biosafety, public perception on rDNA technology, IPR related to rDNA technology. | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. M. L. Srivastava, Bioanalytical Techniques, New Delhi: Narosa Publications, 2011. 2. E. L. Winnacker, From Genes to Clones Introduction to Gene Technology, New Delhi, India: Panima Publishing Corporation, 2003. 3. T. A. Brown, Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis-An Introduction. 5th ed. UK: Wiley Blackwell Publishers. 2006. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Alkami Quick Guide for PCR A laboratory reference for the Polymerase Chain Reaction, USA. Alkami Biosystems Inc., 1999. 2. B. R. Glick. J. J. Pasternak and C. L. Patten. Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and application of recombinant DNA. 4th ed. Washington D. C: American Society for Microbiology Press, 2010. 3. S. B. Primrose, R. M. Twyman and R. W. Old, Principles of Gene Manipulation, 6th ed. USA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2001 4. K. Wilson and J. Walker, Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 7th ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010. 5. J. W. Dale, M. von Schantz and N. Plant, From Genes to Genomes: Concepts and Applications of DNA Technology, USA: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2012 | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MBTY232 - PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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The broad objective of the present core paper is to define the purview of plant biotechnology with respect to crop improvement and metabolic engineering along with knowing the regulatory issues. In this respect, students will be acquainted with application of principles and techniques of plant tissue culture, transgenic technology and metabolic engineering. While in tissue culture, the focus shall be on media composition and preparation, methods of in vitro regeneration, applications and limitations, with respect to genetic transformation, aspects of cloning, DNA delivery, detection, characterization and expression of transformants and gene silencing etc would be covered. Global status of GMOs, various case studies illustrating the application of biotechnology in developing crop varieties that are resistant to various biotic and abiotic stresses, enhancing nutritional quality, improved post-harvest qualities, and in the metabolic engineering of plants, aspects related to engineering of secondary metabolites, male sterility, environmental remediation, and biofarming will be discussed. Finally, in the regulatory issues aspect, Introduction to legal system, principles of regulation and regulatory systems in India and also IPR. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: An understanding of plant tissue culture techniques that can be employed for the
production of superior quality plants. CO2: Ability to rationalize and develop strategies for incorporating novel traits in plants
through genetic engineering CO3: Ability to rationalize and develop strategies for using novel strains of
microorganisms/organisms for Biofertilizer and vermicompost production CO4: An understanding of crop harvesting and processing technique that can be
employed for the post-harvesting of various crops and improving the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. Understand the various strategies that can be employed using metabolic engineering to obtain the desired traits in specific plants. CO5: Able to understand different regulatory systems and types of IPR with emphasis on Patent, Copyright, trademarks etc. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Plant Cell and Tissue Culture
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Plant Cell: Totipotency, scope, historical review, differentiation, de-differentiation and re-differentiation, culture of plant cells, tissue and organs, Plant growth regulators (auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscicic acid and ethylene). Aseptic techniques, culture media: composition and preparation. Methods of sterilization; inoculation, incubation and hardening. Methods to overcome phenolic oxidation. Cell and Organ differentiation: Callus and cell suspension culture, Micropropagation – direct and indirect organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seeds and its application. Meristem culture, in vitro mutagenesis and selection technique, somaclonal variations, overcoming crossing barriers (Pre fertilization and post fertilization barriers including in vitro pollination/fertilization and embryo rescue), embryo culture, endosperm culture , haploid plant production and its application (androgenesis, gynogenesis and microspore culture). Cryopreservation and DNA banking for germplasm conservation. Transfer and establishment of plantlets in soil and green house Protoplast Isolation and Somatic hybridization: Protoplast isolation, purification, viability testing, plating techniques, protoplast culture and regeneration of plants. Protoplast fusion – spontaneous and induced fusion; mechanism of fusion; identification and selection of hybrid cells; chromosome status of somatic hybrids; cybridization; applications of somatic hybrids and cybrids. Genetic modification of protoplasts. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Plant Genetic Transformation Methods
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Gene transfer methods in plants: direct and indirect DNA transfer, Biology of Ti and Ri plasmids and its use as vectors, Co-integrate vectors, intermediate and helper plasmids, binary vectors, viral vectors, 35S and other promoters, use of reporter genes and marker genes, Chloroplast and mitochondrial transformation and its advantages. GM Technology: Crop improvement, productivity, performance and fortification of agricultural products – Insect resistance: Bt genes, non-Bt genes like protease inhibitors, α-amylase inhibitors (Bt cotton and Bt Brinjal). Herbicide resistance: Phosphoinothricin, glyphosate, sulfonyl urea and atrazine. Virus resistance: coat protein mediated and nucleocapsid gene. Bacterial and Fungal resistance: chitinase, 1,3-β-glucanase, RIP, antifungal proteins, thionins, PR proteins. Nematode resistance. Abiotic stress: drought, cold and saline. Strategies for engineering stress tolerance. Current status of transgenic plants in India and other countries. Importance of integrated pest management and terminator gene technology. Environmental impact of herbicide resistance crops and super weeds. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:2 |
Biofertilizers
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Biofertilizers: types, production, VAM, Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Mycorhiza, Actinorhiza, vermicomposting technology and Biopesticides. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
Post-Harvest Technology
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RNAi and antisense RNA technology for extending shelf life of fruits and flowers (ACC synthase, ACC oxidase and polygalacturonidase,), delay of softening and ripening of fleshy fruits (tomato, banana, watermelon). Carbohydrate composition and storage, ADP glucose pyrophosphatase. Post-harvest protection of cereals, millets and pulses. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
Molecular Markers and Marker Assisted Selection in Plants
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Non-PCR and PCR based molecular markers (RFLP, RAPD, SSR, AFLP, SCAR). Molecular markers in breeding programme, molecular breeding for resistance. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Metabolic Engineering of Plants
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Plant Secondary metabolites and Bioreactors: Plant cell culture for the production of useful, chemicals and secondary metabolites (Hairy root cultures, Biotransformation, Elicitation). Bioreactor scale production of phytopharmaceuticals (Different types of bioreactors).Engineering plants for male sterility: Molecular basis of cytoplasmic male sterility in nature, mechanism of restoration of fertility, genetic engineering strategies, production of male sterility, pollination controlling system. Metabolic engineering of plants: Principle and Practice, metabolic engineering of lipids, carotenoid biosynthesis for antioxidant (colouringagent). Plant Molecular Farming: Food vaccines (edible vaccines), plant derived antibodies,pharmaceutical proteins, industrial enzymes, biofarming of carbohydrates, genetic approach of molecular farming, choice of plant production system, benefits and drawbacks of molecular farming, product authenticity. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Regulatory Affairs
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Brief Introduction to terms: Statutes, Rules, Regulations, Judicial System, Judicial Review, Administrative set up. International Law, Sources, Treaties Regulatory Systems: Time line of development of regulatory systems, The U.S. and E.U. approaches on Biotechnology research, Intentional introduction into environment, INDIA: Environment Protection Act, 1986, Rules for the manufacture, use, import, export and storage of hazardous micro-organisms, genetically engineered organisms or cells. Institutional Structure, Powers and Functions, Relevant Guidelines and Protocols. Other relevant laws, Plant Quarantine order, Biological Diversity Act, Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmer’s Rights Act, Drugs and Cosmetics Act, Policy and the rules, Seed Policy, DGFT Notification, Recent Initiatives, Draft National Biotechnology Regulatory Bill 2008, Ethical issues associated with GMOs, labelling of GM plants and products. IPRs: Introduction, A Brief history of IP protection, Rationale for IPR, Types of IPRs, Patents, Copyright, Trademarks, Trade Secrets, Plant Variety protection, Geographical Indications, Farmer’s Rights, Traditional Knowledge, Patents and Agricultural Biotechnology, Patentability criteria, Relevant Case law, Indian Patent Act, 1970, TRIPS, Amendments to Indian Patents Act (2005), IP applications and Procedures, Patent drafting, Patent and prior art searches etc. Management of IPR Assets, Licensing and contracts, Negotiations, Valuation of patents, IPR Enforcement. | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. George E. F., Hall A H, and De Klerk G J (2008) Plant propagation by tissue culture. Springer. 501 p 2 Bhojwani SS and Razdan M K (1996) Plant Tissue Culture: Theory and Practice. Elsevier. 767 p 3 K.D. Raju (ed.) (2007), Genetically modified organisms: Emerging law and policy in India, TERI, New Delhi 4 P.Narayan(2001), Patent Law, 3rd edn., Eastern Law House, Calcutta | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Herman, Edwin B., (Ed.) (2009) Genetic modification of plants: methods and applications 2005-2009, USA: Agritech Consultants. 153p. 2 Herman, Edwin B., (Ed.) (2007) Microbial contaminants in plant tissue culture, Vol. III: 2003–2007. Agritech Consultants, Inc. Shrub Oak. 110p 3 Neumann, K H, Kumar, A, Imani, J (2009) Plant Cell and Tissue Culture –A tool in biotechnology: Basics and applications. 333p 4 Halford,Nigel G. (Ed.) (2006) Plant Biotechnology: Current and Future Applications of genetically modified crops. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. 303 p 5 Chrispeels MJ; Sadava DE (2003) Plant, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc 6 Chrispeels MJ, et al., (1994) Plants, Genes and Agriculture. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston 7 Gamborg OL and Philips GC. Plant Cell, tissue and organ culture (2nd Ed.) Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi. 1998 8 Hammound J, McGravey P and Yusibov V. Plant Biotechnology, Springer Verlag. 2000. 9 Heldt. Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. Delhi, 1997. 10 Lydiane Kyte and John Kleyn. Plants from test tubes. An Introduction to Micropropagation (3rd Ed.). Timber Press, Portland. 1996. 11 Murray DR. Advanced methods in plant breeding and biotechnology. Panima Publishing Co. 1996. 12 Nickoloff JA. Methods in Molecular Biology, Plant Cell electroporation and electrofusion protocols, Humana Press Incorp, USA. 1995. 13 Sawahel WA. Plant Genetic Transformation Technology. Daya Publishing House, Delhi. 1997. 14 Gistou P and Klu H. Hand Book of Plant Biotechnology (Vol. I & II). John Publication. 2004. 15 Slatu A, et al.,. The Genetic Manipulation of Plant. Oxford University Press. 2003. 16 Kirakosyan A and Kaufman PB. Recent Advances in Plant Biotechnology (1st Ed.) Springer Publishers. 2009. 17 Kamala Sankaran and Ujjwal Kumar Singh (eds.) (2008), Towards legal literacy: An introduction to Law in India, Oxford, New Delhi. 18 F.H.Erbisch and K.M. Maredia(Eds.) (2004)., Intellectual Property Rights in Agricultural Biotechnology, 2nd edn., CABI Publishing,Oxon. 19 Shyam Divan and Armin Rosencranz(2005), Environmental Law and Policy in India, 2nd edn., Oxford, New Delhi, Ch. 4.. 20 Jayashree Watal(2001)., Intellectual Property Rights in the WTO and Developing Countries, Oxford, New Delhi. | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MBTY233 - ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Analytical tools are becoming very important tools in different fields of Biology. The paper deals with the principle, instrumentation and uses of such tools. This course fulfils the basic knowledge in analytical techniques for those students who wish to pursue career in allied health fields and other technical programs. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students will be able to understand the applications of analytical techniques routinely used in the plant and
animal science domains CO2: Students will have advanced knowledge on the latest bioanalytical tool CO3: Students will develop working knowledge on bioinformatics software and databases CO4: Students will adapt themselves to the industrial requirements CO5: Students will develop knowledge on scalability of the technique |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:25 |
Extraction and Separation Techniques
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Classes of Phytochemicals, Preparation of extracts for biochemical investigations, methods of extraction of phytochemicals (Maceration, Soxhlet, Microwave assisted, Ultrasonic, Pressurized Liquid extraction and Solid Phase Micro Extraction). Type and choice of solvents (Polar and Non polar). Breaking of cells by chemical (detergent, solvent and enzyme) and physical methods (mechanical and non-mechanical), ultrasonication, pressure cell disintegrators, detection of cell-free and cell-bound proteins, Ammonium sulphate precipitation Concept on Chromatography (Column, Planar, Mobile phase and Stationary phase, Column packing and quality check, TLC, HPTLC, FPLC, HPLC, Stationary Phases-Reverse Phase, Ion Exchange and Size Exclusion, Gas Chromatography, Applications) Concept on Centrifugation (Differential and Density gradient, types of rotors, Analytical Ultra Centrifuge, Applications) Concept on Electrophoresis (DNA, RNA and Protein gel electrophoresis, EMSA) | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Spectrometry Techniques
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Spectroscopy: Absorption and emission spectra. Electromagnetic radiation. Fluorescence and phosphorescence, Beer- Lambert’s law, principle, operation and applications of Colorimeter, Spectrophotometer, Concept of Stoke’s shift- hypochromicity, hyperchromicity, fluorimeter, flame photometer, Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. IR, Mass spectroscopy and NMR, ICP-MS, S, X-ray crystallography. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Detection Methods
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Radioisotope techniques: Nature of radioactivity, isotopes in biochemistry, measurement of radioactivity (carbon dating, Geiger-Muller counting and liquid scintillation counting). Detection of proteins (Western Blot and ELISA), Detection of nucleic acid (Spectrophotometry, Nanodrop technique, Microarray), Microscopic detection and diagnostics based on nanotechnology | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Bioinformatics
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Basic Concept and applications, Concept on databases (NCBI databases, EBI databases, KEGG, DDBJ, DrugBank, IMPPAT, Dr. Duke etc), Multiple Sequence Alignment, Construction of phylogenetic trees (basic concept with different methods like UPGMA), Next generation sequencing(basic concept), Computer Assisted Drug Design (Basic concept on Molecular docking, QSAR, ADME analysis and Molecular Dynamic simulation), Overview on Rice and Human Genome Project | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. T. Attwood and P. Smith. Introduction to Bioinformatics, USA: Pearson Education, 2007. 2. Brown TA. Genome III. Garland Science Publ.2007 3. Azuaje F & Dopazo J. Data Analysis and Visualization in Genomics and Proteomics. John Wiley & Sons.2005 4. K. Wilson and J. Walker, Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 7th ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010. 5. S. B. Primrose and R. Twyman R. Principles of Gene Manipulation and Genomics. USA: John Wiley and Sons, 2013. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Gibson G & Muse SV. 2004. A Primer of Genome Science. Sinauer Associates. 2. W. Taylor and D. Higgins. Bioinformatics: Sequence, Structure and Databanks: A Practical Approach, Oxford, 2000. 3. Jollès P &Jörnvall H. 2000. Proteomics in Functional Genomics: Protein Structure Analysis. 4. Campbell AM &Heyer L. 2004. Discovery Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics. Pearson Education. | |
Evaluation Pattern valuation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MBTY252 - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND REGULATORY AFFAIRS (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:120 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:8 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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To understand the principle behind various techniques in molecular biology, bioinformatics and plant biotechnology |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Learn various techniques in molecular biology like DNA and RNA estimation CO2: Bioinformatics like docking, constructing dendrogram, tools (BLAST, FASTA) etc for
Insilco studies CO3: Plant Biotechnology like aseptic handling of plant materials, culture of callus,
protoplasts for plant products |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Molecular Biology Practical
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1. DNA and RNA estimation by colorimetry and spectrophotometry 2. Screening of auxotrophic mutants 3. Bacteriophage assay 4. UV and chemical mutagenesis 5. Screening of markers 6. Conjugation mapping | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Plant Biotechnology Practical
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1. Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory Nutritional components of Tissue Culture Media. 2. Introduction to aseptic techniquesIntroduction to different types of explantsSurface sterilization techniquesCallus initiation and Maintenance. 3 Initiation of Cell suspension cultures and Growth kinetic studies using PCV/fresh and Dry weight basis. 4. Induction of multiple shoots by using different explants 5. Culturing of anthers for the induction of haploids 6. Isolation and Culturing of protoplast 7. Induction of hairy roots with Agrobacterium rhizogenes infection using different explants and confirmation of transgene using PCR 8. Production of Artificial seeds using sodium alginate 9. Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1.T. Attwood and P. Smith. Introduction to Bioinformatics, USA: Pearson Education, 2007. 2. Brown TA. Genome III. Garland Science Publ.2007 3. Azuaje F & Dopazo J. Data Analysis and Visualization in Genomics and Proteomics. John Wiley & Sons.2005 | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. W. Taylor and D. Higgins. Bioinformatics: Sequence, Structure and Databanks: A Practical Approach, Oxford, 2000. 2. Jollès P &Jörnvall H. 2000. Proteomics in Functional Genomics: Protein Structure Analysis. 3. Campbell AM &Heyer L. 2004. Discovery Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics. Pearson Education. | |
Evaluation Pattern Performance: 20% Mid Semester Examination: 20% Record: 10% End Semester Examination: 50% | |
MLIF231 - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This module aims to provide students with an in-depth understanding of the basic concepts of molecular biology. The structural and functional aspects of basic biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and protein and mechanisms of DNA replication, transcription, translation and gene regulation will be dealt with. The course facilitates the students to have a strong understanding of the molecular basis of life and the underlying gen principles |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Understand the central dogma of life
CO2: Analyze the structure and function of DNA, RNA and protein.
CO3: Evaluate the flow of genetic information and its regulation in cells.
CO4: Understand the molecular mechanisms involved in transcription and translation and in the expression of genes
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
Introduction to Macromolecules and Molecular Biology
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Nucleic Acids: - DNA and RNA as genetic material and the proof (Griffith Experiment, Avery-McCart McCleod Experiment, Hershey Chase Experiment, Biochemical evidences, Experiments using HRV, TMV), Model organism for studying molecular Biology, Gene structure: Structural organization of prokaryotic and Eukaryotic gene. Complexity of gene.
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Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:14 |
DNA Structure, Properties and Replication
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Watson and Crick model of DNA (Structure of Bases, Nuceosides and nucleotides, Chargaff Rule, Watson and Crick base pairing, Hoogsteen base pairing, physical measurements of DNA, antiparallel nature), Different forms for DNA (A, B and Z), chemical and spectroscopic properties of DNA (Effect of temperature:- denaturation and renaturation kinetics, Absorption of UV light, density gradient centrifugation, intercalating agents, effects of Acid and Alkali on DNA, solubility of DNA), Cot curve analysis, DNA supercoiling (negative and positive super coiling), Topoisomerase (Types and mechanisms). Proof for Semi conservative model of replication of DNA (Meselson and Stahl Experiment, Thymidine incorporation Assay), Polarity of DNA replication, Prokaryotic DNA Replication Machinery: Gyrase, helicase, DNA polymerases (types, functions, properties) Origin of replication of DNA, Primer, Growing Fork, Mechanism of DNA replication (initiation, elongation (lagging and leading strand synthesis) and termination. Eukaryotic DNA replication – Multiple origins of replication, Enzymes and proteins involved in replication, End replication problem and its solution (Telomere and telomerases and its significance in replication and involvement in cancer and aging). Models of DNA replication: Theta model and Rolling circle model, D-loop method. Inhibitors of DNA replication. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Alteration of Genome in Prokaryotes
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Mutation: Definition and Types (Point mutation: Substitution, Addition, Deletion; Frame-shift Mutation, Missense and nonsense mutation, forward and reverse mutation, suppression mutation. Somatic and germline mutation, Transition and transversion, Neutral nonsynonymous and synonymous mutation, lethal mutation) causes of mutation: Spontaneous (Wobble base pairing, addition and deletion by DNA looping out, spontaneous chemical changes: oxidative damage, alkylation and deamination) and Induced mutations (UV, base analogues, alkylating, Hydroxylating and deaminating agents.
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Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:9 |
DNA repair and recombination
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Photoreactivation, Mismatch repair, excision repair (BER and NER), SOS repair and recombination repair, Homologous and non-homologous; Site specific recombination; Chi sequences in prokaryotes; Gene targeting; Gene disruption; FLP/FRT and Cre/Lox recombination
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Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Genome Organization
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Organization of genomes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes- concept of Gene, structure of genes, Monocistronic and polycistronic genes, C value paradox, Gene organization and expression in mitochondria and chloroplast, functions. Role of nuclear matrix in chromosome organization and function; Matrix binding proteins; Transposable elements – classes, transposons and mutations.
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Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
RNA Structure, Function and Synthesis
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RNA properties, Structure and functions of mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, snRNA, miRNA, hnRNA and siRNA, Ribozymes, RNA polymerases, Transcription – initiation (Structure of promoter, initiation factors, mechanism of initiation), elongation (factors and mechanism) and termination (mechanism and types of termination: rho dependent and rho independent), transcription factors and its importance, Post transcriptional modifications of eukaryotic mRNA- polyA tailing, Differential Polyadenylation, splicing, capping.
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Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
Protein Synthesis and Modification
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Properties of Genetic code and Wobble hypothesis. Mechanism of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes (activation and attachment of amino acid to tRNA, initiation, elongation and termination of polypeptide chain), role of Ribosomes in Protein synthesis, post translational modifications of proteins- (glycosylation, protein folding, acetylation, phosphorylation), polysomes, protein stability, Protein transport and regulation (Hydrolytic enzymes of lysosome), molecular chaperones.
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Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
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Operon concept and its advantages, anabolic (trp operon) and catabolic operon (lac operon), Regulation of expression in Eukaryotes- Britten Davidson model, DNA looping transcriptional regulation, RNA interference, DNA (methylation) Ubiquitination, and Histone (acetyl modifications, DNA protein Interactions, Genes that regulate embryogenesis in C. elegant, gene silencing, silencing. DNA methylation and imprinting.
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Text Books And Reference Books:
3. B. Lewin. Genes LX. Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2007 | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern valuation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MLIF235 - BIOSTATISTICS (2023 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:45 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:3 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:3 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Students will also gain knowledge about the involvement of statistics in research. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: understand the different types of plots and graphs and to identify the design of a study and explain how this impacts interpretation
CO2: calculate and correctly interpret probability data from a sampling distribution.
CO3: understand and apply hypothesis tests for a single mean and a single proportion as well as for two means (independent and paired/matched samples), and understand chi-squared test and ANOVA.
CO4: distinguish between correlation, linear and multiple regression, and logistic regression, and to understand the purpose and methods of linear (simple and multiple) and logistic regression, including when to use each of them. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
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Introduction
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The scope of biostatistics; Classification of study design, Observational studies and Experimental studies (uncontrolled studies, trials with external controls, crossover studies, trials with self-controls, trials with independent concurrent controls); Exploration and presentation of data: Scales of measurement, Tables, Graphs, Histograms, Box and Whisker plots, Frequency polygon, Scatter Plots, Principle component analysis. | ||
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
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Probability
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Definition, mutually exclusive events and addition rule, independent events and multiplication rule. Sampling: Reasons for sampling, methods of sampling, SRS, Systematic, Stratified, Cluster, NPS. Probability distribution: Binomial, Poisson, Gaussian, Standard normal distribution. Drawing inferences from data: Tests of significance: Statistical inference – estimation - testing of hypothesis - t-test, Chi square test (goodness of fit, independence or association, detection of linkages), Z-test, Confidence intervals, Confidence limits, Hypothesis tests, Types of errors, P-values. | ||
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
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Estimating and comparing means:
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Decision about single mean (normal population and non-normal population), decision about single group, decision about paired groups, decision about two independent groups, equality of population variances, computer-aided illustration for comparison of means; Comparing three or more means: ANOVA – one way, two-way, A-priori comparison, Posterior or Post Hoc comparison. Statistical methods for multiple variables: Multiple regression, predicting with more than 1 variable, Statistical test for regression coefficient, Role of R and R2 in multiple regression, Confounding variable (ANACOVA), predicting categorical outcomes – logistic regression, discriminant analysis. | ||
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
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Correlation and Regression
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Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Spearman’s rho, Linear regression, Least Square method, predicting with regression equation, comparing two regression lines, dealing with nonlinear observation, Common errors in regression, Comparing correlation and regression. | ||
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
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Introduction to statistical software
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Enter data in excel and SPSS, Analyze data using excel and SPSS, Conduct univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS, Interpret the results obtained in the SPSS output.
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Text Books And Reference Books: V. B. Rastogi, Biostatistics, New Delhi: Medtec, Scientific International, Pvt. Ltd., 2015. | ||
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern
Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | ||
MLIF251 - GENETIC ENGINEERING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUMENTS LAB (2023 Batch) | ||
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:120 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:8 |
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Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
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Course Objectives/Course Description |
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The aim of this course is to provide an introduction to recombinant DNA technology. It helps the students to understand how the principles of molecular biology have been used to develop techniques in recombinant DNA technology. The objective of the course is to familiarize the student with the basic concepts in genetic engineering - enzymes, cloning vehicles, gene libraries, analysis and expression of the cloned gene in host cell and understand ethical issues and biosafety regulations. It gives emphasis to practical applications of genetic engineering tools in the field of health care. At the end of the course the student will have enough background of recombinant DNA technology essential for taking up projects in the field of Biotechnology. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: learn the hands on knowledge on genetic engineering and bioanalytical techniques
CO2: obtain practical knowledge on the applications of recombinant DNA technology
CO3: obtain working knowledge of bioinformatics in the industrial set up
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Genetic Engineering
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Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Analytical Techniques and Bioinformatics
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Text Books And Reference Books: 1. B. R. Glick. J. J. Pasternak and C. L. Patten. Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and application of recombinant DNA. 4th ed. Washington D. C: American Society for Microbiology Press, 2010. 2. S. B. Primrose, R. M. Twyman and R. W. Old, Principles of Gene Manipulation, 6th ed. USA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2001 | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. K. Wilson and J. Walker, Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 7th ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010. 2. J. W. Dale, M. von Schantz and N. Plant, From Genes to Genomes: Concepts and Applications of DNA Technology, USA: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2012 | |
Evaluation Pattern CIA Evaluation Performance: 40 marks Mid Semester Examination: 40 marks Record: 20 marks End semester Examination pattern-100 | |
MBTY331 - BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This paper covers important topics in the development, production, recovery, and analysis of products produced by biotechnology. The course traces the path of a biological product from the cell through the production facility, the final processing, and formulation. It discusses the growth characteristics of the organisms used to produce biological compounds, the techniques used in product recovery and purification analysis. The course emphasizes the use of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in these analyses. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students will learn and understand the cell growth process, goals of fermentation and relate it to
a real-life example. Different types of bioreactor, auxiliary equipment and applications are understood CO2: Students understand the impact of parameters such as media, pH, temperature, aeration, and agitation on the overall fermentation process. CO3: Students learn the industrial production of certain metabolites and their recovery CO4: Students will learn the techniques for development of improved production strains and their importance in biotechnological processes CO5: Students will learn the regulatory and commercialization aspects of Biotechnological inventions |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
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Introduction to Bioprocess Engineering and Fermentation
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Definition of a Bioprocess, over view of bioprocesses with their various components. The range of fermentation processes, Chronological development of fermentation industry. Bioprocess operation & their global impact, Component parts of a fermentation process. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
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Bioreactor
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Construction aspects – Material of construction, Vessel design and configuration, Utilities, Components of the fermenters, impellers, aeration, temperature regulation, pH monitoring, antifoaming agents. Types of Bioreactors- conventional- stirred tank reactors, airlift, bubble up, fluidized bed, packed bed, tower reactors, drum reactors, photobioreactors. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
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Media design and Sterilization
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Criteria for good medium, medium requirements for fermentation processes, carbon, nitrogen, minerals, vitamins and other complex nutrients, oxygen requirements, medium formulation of optimal growth and product formation, examples of simple and complex media, design of various commercial media for industrial fermentations – medium optimization methods, batch and continuous heat sterilization and filter sterilization of liquid media, Air sterilization | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:14 |
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Microbial growth Kinetics and Culture Management
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Isolation, screening and strain improvement (mutation, selection of mutants, selective isolation of mutants- genetic recombination) of microbes, Type culture collection, preservation of microbes – water, Ice and Preservation of life, Freezing and thawing, Storage temperature, Cell banks, Laboratory guide to successful cryopreservation, Cryoprotectants and freezing media, Cell harvest and filling cryovials, Freezing of cryovials, Storage and shipping of cryovials. Fermentation process- inoculum build up, pre-fermentation, product fermentation. Solid state fermentation, Solid substrate, submerged,Aerobic, Anaerobic, batch, fed-batch, semi-continuous, continuous, Fermentation based on type of product formation. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
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Downstream Processing
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Solid-liquid separation (Flocculation, Filtration, Centrifugation), Cell disruption (Physical, chemical and enzymatic), Extraction, Precipitation, Distillation, Evaporation, Chromatographic separation, Adsorption, Concentration, formulation- Lyophilisation, spray drying. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:14 |
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Metabolic Engineering for Bioprocess Commercialization
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Introduction, Gene expression engineering, Heterologous pathway engineering, Leveraging gene synthesis, advanced cloning techniques, and machine learning for metabolic pathway engineering, Tolerance of microbial biocatalysts to feedstock, products, and environmental conditions. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
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Microbial Products
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Classification of metabolic products- Primary, secondary and bioconversion products (Steroids). Production of alcoholic beverage (Beer, wine), Food (Cheese) amino acid (glutamic acid,) Organic acids (Lactic acid), antibiotic (penicillin) single cell protein, single cell oil. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
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Commercialization Aspects of Biobased Technology
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The importance of lab to pilot scale-up, technology derisking, what is pilot scale, why transition to pilot scale, addressing process development issues before technology scale-up – cost of medium ingredients, seed train development; Factors to be addressed at pilot scale – Mixing, Gas solubility, Medium preparation, Product separation and purification; Achieving pilot scale up – Use of satellite fermentations, scale-up strategies and resources, Financial considerations; Quality Control, Qualityassurance, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) & Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. U. Sathyanarayana. Biotechnology. Books and Allied (P) Ltd, Kolkota: 2008. 2. S.N. Jogdand. Environmental Biotechnology. 3rded, India: Himalaya Publication House, 2001. 3. B.D. Singh. Biotechnology. 2nded, New Delhi: Kalyani Publishers, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1.P. F. Stanbury. A. Whitaker and S.J. Hall. Principles of Fermentation Technology. 2nded, Edinburgh: Butterworth Heinemann Press, 2003 2. M. D. Pauline. Bioprocess Engineering Principles. 2nded, London: Academic Press, 2000. 3. Zhong, Jian-Jiang. Biomanufacturing. New York: Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Evaluation Pattern
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MBTY332 - ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
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Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
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Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Animals and animal products are used to support research by providing products that help technicians to grow cells, viruses, and microbes in culture. Biotechnologists also use animals to produce antibodies, interferons, vaccines etc. Cultured cells are finding innumerable applications in recent days. The paper describes the concepts of cell culture in animal systems. Methods of IVF and its significance in animals and human beings also forms part of this paper. The potential of embryonic stem cells and pluripotent stem cells in creating tissues for transplant and the ethical issues will be discussed. Animal biotechnology focuses on the manipulation of genes in animals – introduction and knockout of genes and their effects, different systems available for the production of sustainable industrial products and important therapeutic and diagnostic drugs and vaccines for medical and veterinary use. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students will be able to understand the applications of cell culture and stem cells. CO2: Students will be able to understand the concepts of cell culture which includes culture methods, characterization, monitoring tools. CO3: Students will be able to understand the methods involved in the artificial reproductive technology CO4: Students will be able to understand the basics of vaccine development CO5: Students will be able to understand the applications and process involved in the development of transgenic animals |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Establishment of Cell lines
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History of animal cell culture. Lab setup, Biosafety measures in ACC lab, Type I II, II and IV biosafety levels, types of medium (Defined and undefined), Eagles. Dulbecco’s etc, Buffers, Growth factors, significance of serum, growth requirements – temperature, Carbon dioxide etc, Culture vessels- Roux and Roller bottles, Primary culture, disaggregation of tissue (physical and chemical methods- trypsin, collagenase), secondary cell lines, continuous cell lines, characteristics and maintenance of cell lines, measurement of cell viability - Evan’s blue method, Trypan blue method. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Features of Cultured Cell lines
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Cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation. Morphology of cells, commonly used cell lines – CHO, BHK, 3T3, Vero, HeLa, tissue markers, use in disease diagnosis, measurement of growth and viability—Cytotoxicity assays, survival assays, clonogenic assays, transformation assays. cell synchronization, senescence and apoptosis, Monolayer and suspension cultures, scaleup of animal cell cultures, bioreactors used, product recovery and purification. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Application of cell lines
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Applications of animal cell lines – vaccine production, toxicity testing, nanoparticles in vaccine delivery systems, tissue engineering - scaffold materials (natural and synthetic), techniques, artificial skin, cartilage and pancreas, culture techniques - Plasma Clot, Raft methods, Agar gel, Grid method, clinical translation of gene therapy products | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
IVF and Cloning
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IVF- in vitro fertilization of farm animals, need for IVF, techniques used - induction of superovulation, preparation and collection of oocytes and spermatozoa, in vitro fertilization and development, embryo transfer & its advantages, embryo splitting and cryopreservation, IVF in humans- significance. Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer, therapeutic cloning, cloning to conserve endangered species, Bioethics and regulations in artificial reproductive technology | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Stem cells
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Scope of stem cell technology, properties of stem cells, types of stem cells, Source of stem cells, Embryonic stem cells - stimulation of embryonic stem cells to differentiate, therapeutic adult stem cells - source, differentiation, similarities between adult and embryonic stem cells, induced Pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells, cellular potency-generation of induced pluripotent cells, lineage commitment, cellular development and differentiation applications, correlation between stem cells and cancer, stem cells and aging, clinical applications of hematopoietic stem cells from cord blood, Treatment of neural diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington’s disease and Alzheimer's disease. Bioethics, Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) – guidelines, recent developments in regenerative medicine, challenges in stem cell therapy. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Gene expression systems
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Means of gene transfer in animal systems, yeast based systems - uses of Pichia pastoris system, therapeutic proteins made using Pichia, insect cell based systems- NPV based, advantages, mammalian cell line based vectors. Methods of gene delivery -retroviral and vaccinia viral vector method, DNA microinjection method, engineered embryonic stem cell method. Detection of transgenes, high level production of transgene products – hormones and vaccines - in animal cells, Human growth hormone, Human insulin, tPA, Hepatitis B vaccine, examples of FDA approved recombinant drugs, anticancer drugs. Major pharmaceutical companies in India and their production statistics. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Vaccines and Monoclonal Antibodies
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Viral vaccine production using animal cells, major vaccine production centres in India, Recombinant vaccines, Sub unit vaccines – Hepatitis B, Foot and mouth disease, Herpes simplex virus vaccines their production, DNA vaccines, Advantages and disadvantages. Monoclonal antibodies - salvage and de novo pathway synthesis, large scale production, diagnostic and therapeutic uses in diseases like cancer, AIDS etc., Human monoclonal antibodies, Genetic engineering strategies for monoclonal antibody prodution, Human-mouse antibodies, Advantages and limitations of monoclonal antibodies, examples of McAb based drugs available in the market. | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Transgenic animals and ethical issues
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Transgenic mice and their applications in understanding normal and disease conditions of physiological processes, Significance and production of human mouse, Onco mouse, transgenic pigs, mosquitoes, sheep, fish, snail, cattle etc. Gene knock outs- strategies, importance, knock out mouse, SCID mouse. Animal handling – techniques and rules to be followed. Cloned animals- Dolly, transgenic animals - Transgenic sheep, cow, fish, pig etc., pharming, animal bioreactors and their importance, preservation of endangered species. Safety in release of genetically engineered organisms, genetic modifications and food consumption, Pre-clinical modelling to patient therapy, Funding of biotech business in India, Bioentrepreneurship efforts in India. | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. Freshney. Culture of Animal Cells. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2006. 2. R. Portner. Animal Cell Biotechnology, Humana Press, 2007 | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. M. Butler. Animal Cell Culture & Technology – the basics, 2 ed, UK: Taylor and Francis, 2004. 2. S. Gangal. Principles and Practice of Animal Tissue Culture, 2nd ed, Hyderabad: Universities Press, 2010 3. B. Alberts, A. Johnson, J. Lewis, M. R. K. Roberts and P. Walter. Molecular Biology of the Cell, USA: Garland Science Publishing, 2008 4. L. Houdibine. Animal Transgenesis and Cloning, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2003. | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks | |
MBTY333 - DISEASE BIOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This course deals with different infectious and non-infectious diseases in humans and it aims to give in depth knowledge about the same. The syllabus also gives the idea of epidemiology and the different terms and terminologies related to public health and disease biology |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students will understand the relevance and importance of epidemiology CO2: Students will have in-depth knowledge about selected infectious diseases CO3: Students will have in-depth knowledge about vector borne diseases, different types of vectors. CO4: Students will have in-depth knowledge about lifestyle related diseases and will be able to provide public health awareness and also to maintain better health. CO5: Students will have good understanding on emerging and reemerging diseases and will be able to take up research projects in the different fields listed above. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Introduction to public health and epidemiology
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Objectives of Epidemiology, its purpose, influences, and uses, morbidity and mortality, clinical medicine and public health, Agent, Host, Environment, Vector, Clinical & subclinical stages, Carrier, Incubation period, Determinants of Health, Measures of Mortality (annual mortality rate, case-fatality rate, proportionate mortality), Measures of Morbidity (incidence, prevalence) and Problems with theseMeasures, Factors Affecting Prevalence, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Randomized Clinical Trials, Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Molecular Epidemiology Tools, Zoonosis. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:20 |
Infectious agents, diseases and diagnostic Methods
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Tuberculosis, Measles, HIV/AIDS, Rabies, Hepatitis A, B, C, Ebola Virus Diseases, Avian Influenza, Cholera, STD (Pathology, Symptoms, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, preventive measures), Diagnostic Test | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Vector borne diseases
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Mosquitoes- Aedes- Chikungunya, Dengue fever, Zika: Anopheles- Malaria: Culex- Japanese encephalitis, Lymphatic filariasis :Sandflies Leishmaniasis: Ticks- Lyme disease, Rickettsial diseases (spotted fever and Q fever), Tick-borne encephalitis Triatomine bugs- Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis): Tsetse flies- Sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis):Fleas-Plague (transmitted by fleas from rats to humans), Rickettsiosis, Black flies-Onchocerciasis (river blindness), Aquatic snails-Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis) (Pathology, Symptoms, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, preventive measures). | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Lifestyle Diseases
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Diabetes- types, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic, heart disease, congenital heart disease, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, Bronchitis, Asthma. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases
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Factors influencing the emergence and re-emergence of diseases, examples of emerging and re-emerging diseases, Mpox, Covid-19,
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Text Books And Reference Books: 1. Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, An Introduction to Applied Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Third edition, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/vector-borne-diseases 2. https://www.mayoclinic.org/ 3. https://www.cdc.gov/ 4. https://www.icmr.gov.in/ | |
Evaluation Pattern valuation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MBTY334 - ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:45 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:3 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:3 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Environmental Biotechnology utilizes microorganisms to improve environmental quality. These improvements include treatment of contaminated waters and wastewaters, clean-up of industrial waste streams, and remediation of soils contaminated with hazardous and toxic chemicals. Environmental biotechnology is essential to society and truly important as a technical discipline. Microbiological treatment technologies developed at the beginning of the twentieth century, such as trickling, filtration, activated sludge and anaerobic digestions remain the mainstays today. In recent years, new technologies are constantly introduced that address very contemporary problems such as detoxification of hazardous chemicals, shortage of fuel environmental biomonitoring, and microbial genetic engineering for bioremediation of air, water, and soil. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students will be able to develop sufficient scientific understanding of different types of
biotechnological methods to improve environment CO2: Students will be able understand the principles of microbial assisted environmental remediation CO3: Students will be able to solve problems with respect to treatment of solid wastes both
aerobically and anaerobically CO4: Students will be able to apply the concepts of environmental biotechnology to design
experiments for producing fuels from the renewable sources. CO5: Students will be able to monitor pollutants using biological means such animal, plant and microbial systems, as well as using biosensors. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
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Environmental Chemistry
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Atmospheric chemistry: Structure and composition of atmosphere, atmospheric pollution and pollutants, ozone chemistry – CFCs, acid rain, photochemical smog, greenhouse gases and global warming. Water: Water pollution and pollutants: types and sources eutrophication, BOD. | ||
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
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Environmental Microbiology
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Types of microorganisms in the environment, nutritional requirements, types of media, physiology of microbial growth, growth curve, methods of determining bacterial numbers, mass and cell constituents. Effects and microbial adaptations to environmental stresses – Temperature, oxygen, desiccation,osmotic. | ||
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
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Aerobes and Effluents
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Sewage treatment: Primary, secondary and tertiary treatment processes, Aeration (Diffused air system, Mechanical aeration), Trickling filters, activated sludge system, deep shaft process, pure oxygen system, rotating biological contractor, sludge disposal. | ||
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
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Biowaste Treatment Process
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Nature and composition of biowaste, Landfill, composting and its application to the waste management – Home composting, Centralized composting (windrow composting, static pile composting, tunnel composting, rotary drum composting, in-vessel composting. Anaerobic digestion process: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, methanogenesis; Anaerobic baffled reactor, anaerobic fixed film reactor, Continuously stirred tank process. | ||
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
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Biological Remediation
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Bioremediation, Factors affecting the use of bioremediation; Biotechnology selection; In-situ techniques – bio-sparging, bio-venting, injection recovery; Ex-situ techniques- land farming, soil banking, soil slurry reactor. Phytoremediation- introduction, terrestrial phytosystem, Metal phytoremediation-phytoextraction, hyperaccumulation, rhizofiltration, phytostabilization; Organic phytoremediation – phytodegradation, rhizodegradation, phytovolatalization, and applications, aquatic phyto-systems, macrophyte treatment systems; nutrient film technique; algal treatment system-effluent treatment | ||
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
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Alternate Source of Fuel Production & Bioleaching
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Composition and production of Biogas, Microbial hydrogen Production, gasohol, biodiesel. Bioleaching: Definition, Types- Direct and Indirect Bioleaching, In-situ and ex-situ, Biomining of ores (Gold, copper, and Uranium). | ||
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
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Genetic Manipulation
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Bt Brinjal as food, Roundup Ready Maize, and its effect on environment, Agriculture- bio fertilizers (rhizobium, mycorrhiza). | ||
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
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Biomonitoring
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Biomonitoring (Visual rating, Genotoxicity, metabolic rating, Plant test system, Animal test system, Biosensor | ||
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. G. M. Evans and J. C. Furlong. Environmental Biotechnology Theory and Application. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, England: 2003. 2. K. Chakravarthy. Introduction to Environmental Biotechnology. 2nd ed, India: OUP India, 2013. | ||
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. H .J. Joedening and J.Winter. Environmental Biotechnology: Concepts and applications, Wiley Blackwell, United states: 2004. 2. T. K. Srinivas. Environmental Biotechnology, India: New Age International Pvt Ltd, 2008. 3. K. Chaterji, Introduction to Environmental Biotechnology. 3rd ed n, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, April 2011. 4. J. S. Singh, S. P. Singh and S. R. Gupta. Ecology Environmental Science and Conservation. India: S. Chand & Company Pvt. Ltd: 2014.312:317 | ||
Evaluation Pattern
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MBTY351 - IMMUNOLOGY AND BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING LAB (2022 Batch) | ||
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:120 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:8 |
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Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
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Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Students are imparted with the practical knowledge of various immunotechniques as well as using a living cell for production of industrially important products. This paper deals with production of wine, citric acid, and Enzymes from microbial sources. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students learn the practical skills such as media formulation sterilization, maintaining the pure culture of microbes CO2: Students will learn to understand the microbial physiology by monitoring Growth Kinetics of organism. CO3: Students learn to perform assay for the production metabolites and enzymes CO4: students Understand and apply concepts of antigen and antibody interaction for diagnosis CO5: Students Learn analytical techniques for quantification of antigen or antibody |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
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Immunology practical
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1. Determination of Blood group and Coomb’s test 2. Total count of RBC & WBC using Haemocytometer 3. Differential Count of WBC 4. Widal test and VDRL 5. Dot ELISA 6. Ouchterlony Double Diffusion 7. Radial Immunodiffusion 8. Rocket Immunoelectrophoresis 9. Immunoblotting technique 10. Isolation of lymphocytes from spleen | |||
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
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Bioprocess engineering practical
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1.Growth Kinetics of E. coli 2. Production of primary and secondary metabolite (organic acid) 3. Estimation of the fermentation products by titration method 4. Solid state Fermentation 5. Production of beverage 6. Immobilization of microbial cells and assay for its activity 7. Isolation and assay for specific activity of amylase from Aspergillus niger. 8. Isolation and screening of microorganism producing proteases 9. Isolation and screening of microorganism producing amylases 10. Isolation and mass production of Nitrogen fixers (Rhizobium) 11. Visit to research institute or industry | |||
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. W. E. Paul, Fundamental Immunology, 7thed. USA: Lippincott’s William & Wilkins, 2012. 2. P. F. Stanbury. A. Whitaker and S.J. Hall. Principles of Fermentation Technology. 2nded, Edinburgh: Butterworth Heinemann Press, 2003
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Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Abbas.k.Abdul, Lichtman. H.Andrew, Pober.J. Jordan, Cell and Molecular Immunology, 3rded. India: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2014. 2. M. D. Pauline. Bioprocess Engineering Principles. 2nded, London: Academic Press, 2000. | |||
Evaluation Pattern
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MBTY352 - ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY,DISEASE BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |||
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:120 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
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Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
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Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Students are imparted with the practical knowledge of using a living cell for production of industrially important products. This paper deals with production of wine, citric acid, and Enzymes from microbial source. The paper also deals with requirements of animal cell culture lab, different types of media preparation, initiation of cell culture and maintenance of cells. Cell viability assays are also included to get better acquainted with microscopy techniques which are of great significance in cell culture studies. The aims of this practical sessions are to give practice to the students about different theoretical knowledge that they have gained in the theory and also to get hands on training on PCR detection of diseases, study of different vectors that leads to diseases, understanding different stages of cancer, screening of anti-cancer agents etc. Environmental Biotechnology utilizes microorganisms to improve environmental quality. These improvements include treatment of contaminated waters and wastewaters, clean-up of industrial waste streams, and remediation of soils contaminated with hazardous and toxic chemicals. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Students learn to perform assay for the production metabolites and enzymes CO2: The paper also deals with requirements of animal cell culture lab, different types of media preparation, initiation of cell culture and maintenance of cells CO3: Students gain Knowledge on Biohazard and biosafety in lab CO4: Cell viability assays are also included to get better acquainted with microscopy techniques which are of great significance in cell culture studies CO5: Hands on experience on instruments such as PCR and Biosafety Cabinet |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:120 |
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Animal Biotechnology, Disease biology and environmental Biotechnology practical
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1, Analysis of genetic diversity using RAPD markers 2. Set up of Animal Cell Culture Lab and Biosafety regulations 3. Preparation of animal cell culture media 4. Initiation of Primary Culture from Chick Embryo 5. Preparation of single cell suspension from spleen / liver / thymus 6. Cell counting and cell viability assessment by Trypan Blue method 7. Culture of lymphocytes 8. Cryopreservation of primary cultures and cell lines 9. Animal handling - techniques and regulations 10. Virus inoculation into chick/duck eggs for propagation 11. Estimation of viral load by ELISA. 12. Visit to Pasteur Institute, Coonoor 13. PCR based diagnosis of infectious diseases 14. Identification of vectors 15. Study of the stages of cancer (permanent slides) 16. Study of different types of cancer (organ level) 17. Culture study of cancer cells 18. Study of anticancer activity of molecules 19. Identification and biochemical testing of Vibrio cholera 20. RNA isolation and RT PCR for Dengue Diagnosis. 21. Cytopathological study using Dengue 22. AFB staining of fixed slides of sputum/pure culture. 23. Study of permanent slides (Cardiac, muscle, epithelial, endothelial etc) 24. Data collection of epidemiology of diseases 25. Statistical analysis of epidemiology data 26. Lab visit 27. Estimation of temperature, pH and conductivity of lake and sewage water samples. 28. Estimation of dissolved oxygen and Biological Oxygen Demand of lake and sewage water samples. 29. Estimation of total hardness of lake and sewage water. 30. Estimation of total solids, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids of lake and sewage water samples. 31. Estimation of acidity of lake and sewage water samples. 32. Estimation of alkalinity of lake and sewage water samples. 34. Estimation of nitrate-nitrogen of lake and sewage by PDA method water samples. 35. Estimation of phosphate-phosphorus of lake and sewage water samples by stannous chloride method 36. Estimation of sodium and potassium of lake and sewage water samples by flame photometry. 37. Testing the potability of water by MPN method 38. Study of vesicular arbuscular mychorrhizae 39. Study of Rhizobia. | ||
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. S. Sadasivam and A. Manickam. Biochemical Methods. 3rd ed. India: New age International Publisher, 2008. | ||
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1.Rajan S and Christy R S. Experimental Procedures in Life Sciences, India: Anjanaa Book House, Chennai, 2010.
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Evaluation Pattern
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MLIF331 - IMMUNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | ||
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
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Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
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Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This paper focuses on the fundamental science of immunology and explores the clinical and therapeutic aspects of immunology. Topics include immunogenetics and molecular structure of immunoglobulins, T cell & B cell development, MHC antigens, modern vaccines, functions and dysfunctions of the components of the immune system; applications of immunological technologies in modern scientific research and development. These topics will help the students to absorb most of the fundamentals in immunology and this can benefit in understanding the advanced topics in this area. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Understand the concepts of immunity and the mechanism of cellular and humoral immune response.
CO2: Understand the genetic basis for immunological diversity in acquired immunity.
CO3: Able to understand and relate to therapeutic agents used in medicine.
CO4: Apply the concept of antigen and antibody interactions in research and diagnosis.
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Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:7 |
Introduction to Immunology
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History of Immunology, Terrain Versus germ theory, cellular and humoral immunity, Innate Immune Immunity and its role in protection, physiological barriers, Fever and pyrogen, mechanical barriers, chemical barriers, Inflammatory response, Neutrophil extravasation, Adaptive Immunity – Features, naturally and artificially acquired immunity with example | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:16 |
Cells and organs of immune system
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Haematopoiesis, Humoral and cellular component of the Immune system, Role of different blood cells in immune system-B cell ( Structure of B cell receptor, co-receptor, other receptors of B cell, Antigen dependent and independent phases of B cell activation), B cell signaling for activation, T cytotoxic cell, T helper cell, T cell receptors( (γ/δ, αβ) Maturation of T cell, DiGeorge syndrome, Chediak higashi syndrome), Dendritic cell, Macrophages(Production, killing mechanism) and, null cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, Monocytes, primary lymphoid organs- thymus, nude mice, Experiments to prove positive and negative selection of thymocytes, bone marrow, secondary lymphoid organs- spleen, lymph node, MALT, SALT, CART in cancer therapy
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Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
Antigen-Antibody interaction
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Affinity and avidity, Factors influencing antigen and antibody reaction, precipitation reactions- radial immunodiffusion, double immunodiffusion, Agglutination- heamagglutination, agglutination inhibition, rocket electrophoresis, radioimmunoassay, ELISA- direct, indirect, sandwich, competitive ELISA, immunofluorescent techniques. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:16 |
Antigens and antibodies
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Antigenicity and Immunogenicity, Factors influencing antigenicity, epitopes of B Cells and T Cells, Haptens, adjuvants, super antigens, antigenic drift and shift, Elucidation of antibody structure, variable regions, constant regions, Heavy chains, light regions, classification and functions of antibodies (IgA, IgG, IgM, IgD, I,gE), secretion of IgA. Functions of different antibodies Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity, Opsonisation, Antibodies activating complement system, Isotypic determinants, Allotypic determinants, Idiotypic determinants, synthesis, assembly and secretion of immunoglobulins, generation, Antibody diversity: Mini gene theory, Mutation theory, Germ line theory, Somatic recombination, V (D) J recombination, Combinatorial diversity, Junctional diversity, Monoclonal antibodies-hybridoma technology, chimeric mouse-human monoclonal antibodies, Heteroconjugates, Immunotoxins, Abzymes | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Antigen Processing and Presentation
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MHC molecules and organization of their genes, Structure and function of MHC types. Antigen processing, role of MHC in antigen presentation, Immunity against intracellular and extracellular pathogens. Oxygen dependent and independent phagocytosis, Pathogens resistant to phagocytosis. Immunity to tuberculosis. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
Complement System
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History and Definition of complement proteins, functions of complement system, Classical pathway, Alternate pathway, Mannan binding lectin pathway, Deficiency in complement system | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
Hypersensitivity
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Definition of hypersensitivity reactions, Coomb’s classification of HS reactions- Immediate Reactions-Type I, II, III. Delayed HS reactions-type IV Autoimmune Diseases-Diabetes 1, myasthenia gravis, rheumatoid Arthritis Transplantation: Terminology, Auto graft, Isograft, Allograft, Xenograft, Immunological basis of transplantation reactions, GVH reaction, Immunosuppression, General mechanisms of Immune suppression, Immune suppression, drugs (azothioprine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, cycosporin-A, Steroids) | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Vaccines and Immunization
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Passive and Active immunization. Types of Vaccines-Live, attenuated vaccines, Inactivated vaccines, Subunit vaccines, Toxoid vaccines, Conjugate vaccines, DNA vaccines, Recombinant vector vaccines | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. Abbas.k.Abdul, Lichtman. H.Andrew, Pober.J. Jordan, Cell and Molecular Immunology, 3rded. India: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2014. 2. H. F. Khan, The elements of Immunology, India: Pearson Education, 2009. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading T. J. Kindt, B. A. Osborne and R. A. Goldsby, Kuby Immunology, 6th ed. USA: W.H. Freeman & Company, 2007. 2. W. Luttman, Immunology, 2nd ed. USA: Academic press, 2006. 3. D. Male, Immunology, 7thed. USA: Mosby Elsevier, 2006. | |
Evaluation Pattern valuation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: Consist of 2 sections. Section A consist of 10 questions carrying 5 marks each out of which students need to attempt 8 questions (8 X 5marks = 40 marks). Section B consists of 7 questions, carrying 12 marks each, out of which students need to attempt 5 questions (5 X 12 marks = 60 marks). | |
MLIF441A - FOOD, AGRICULTRURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
The course describes in detail the salient features of the useful and harmful microbes in the food, agriculture and environment. Further the application of microbiology techniques in food, agriculture and environment remediation is described in detail. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Compare and contrast different aspects of food microbiology and food
pathogens CO2: Use of the agricultural aspects of microbial science. CO3: Assess the various research domains of food, environmental and agricultural
microbiology. CO4: Explain the concept of using microbes for a sustainable environment. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Microbial flora in food and food spoilage
|
|
Factors influencing microbial activity in food, microbes (bacteria and fungi) important in food microbiology. Microbial flora of fresh food and their spoilage – cereals, fruits, vegetables, poultry, eggs, shell fish and fin fish, beverages and canned foods. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
Microbiology of fermented food ? preparation and spoilage
|
|
Cheese production; bread; oriental food; Sauerkraut production and their spoilage due to microbial contamination | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
Food Preservation
|
|
General principles of food preservation: (1) aseptic handling (2) high temperature - boiling, steam under pressure, pasteurization and sterilization (3) low temperature freezing and refrigeration (4) Dehydration (5) Osmotic pressure - in concentrated sugars with brine (6) chemicals, organic acids, smoking (7) radiation - UV and gamma. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Food borne diseases caused by bacteria
|
|
Food borne diseases caused by bacteria - Salmonellosis, Gastroenteritis, Shigellosis, Listeriosis, Staphylococcal food poisoning, Botulism, Travellers’ diarrhoea. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Methods in food Microbiology and food quality control
|
|
Isolation and cultivation of microbes from environment - serial dilution and pour plate method, spread plate method, streak plate method, isolation using selective or enrichment media. Methods of culturinganaerobes. Biochemical tests for bacterial identification - carbohydrate fermentation, triple sugar-Iron agar test, IMVIC test, Litmus Milk reactions, Hydrogen sulphide test, Catalase test, Oxidase test, Microbial examination of food - Microscopic techniques, culture techniques. Microbiological criteria for food control. Enforcement and control agencies – international and national agencies. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Agricultural Microbiology
|
|
Microbes as biofertilizers - bacteria, fungi, algae. Production of biofertilizers - strain selection and preparation of biofertilizers. a. Nitrogen fixing microbes – free living organotrophs, free living prototrophs, diazotrophs. Association of microbes with grasses, legumes, nodulation in nitrogen fixation legumes b. Phosphate solubilizers – Bacteria and fungi as phosphate solubilizers. Mycorrhizal relationship ● definition, forms and distribution of mycorrhiza. Ecto- and Endomycorrhiza. Vesicular and Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Ericaceous, Orchidaceous mycorrhiza. Physiology and function of mycorrhiza. Production of mycorrhizal biofertilizers. ● Bacterial insecticides - use of Pseudomonas, Bacillus – mode of action | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Environmental Microbiology
|
|
Detection of coliform bacteria - membrane filtration technique, Colilert defined substrate test, multiple tube fermentation test. Quantification of Coliforms - MPN test. Role of microorganisms in Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur cycles Microbial biodegradation of xenobiotic (plastics) and hydrocarbons. Biomining and Microbial leaching (Gold, Copper) – Types advantages and disadvantages | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Environmental Biotechnology
|
|
Microbes in biotechnology, bioremediation - microbial and enzymatic; in situ and ex situ. Bioaugmentation – principles, enzymes used in bio-augmentation, bio-filtration-bio-filters, microorganisms used in filters, mechanism of bio-filtration. Genetically modified microbes - benefits and hazards. Waste water treatment - primary, secondary and tertiary treatment. | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. Alcamo (1994). Fundamentals of microbiology. Benjamin/Cummings pub. 2. A S Rao (1988). Introduction to microbiology. Prentice-hall pub. Com. 3. Braude (1983). Microbiology. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. G Rangaswamy. Agricultural Microbiology. ASIA Pub. House. 2. H D Kumar, Swasti Kumar (2001). Modern concepts of microbiology. Vikas pub. House. 3. H S Chawla (2005). Introduction to biotechnology. Oxford/IBH pub Com. 4. K G Ramawat (2004). Comprehensive biotechnology. Shaily Goyal. 5. Martin Alexander (1971). Microbial Ecology. John Wiley and sons pub. 6. M R Adams, M O Mass (2000). Food microbiology. New Age International P Ltd. 7. O R Arora (2003). Text book of microbiology. CBS Pubs. 8. P D Sharma (2001). Microbiology. Rastogi Pub. 9. Prescott (2002). Microbiology. McGraw Hill pub. 10. R Campbell (1987). Plant microbiology. English language book society. 11. Selman A, Waksman. Soil microbiology. John Wiley and Sons. 12. Sudeesh Jood, Neelam Khetar Paul (2002). Food preservation. Agrotech publishing academy. 13. Robert Stanil et. al., (1987). General Microbiology. MacMillan. 14. R C Dube (2006). Text book of microbiology. S. Chand. 15. Talaro. Foundations in microbiology. W M C Brown publishers. 16. William C Frazier (2000). Food Microbiology. Tata McGraw Hill. 17. Wyss, William, Galdner. Microbiology. John Wiley and Sons. 18. L N Nair. Methods of microbial and plant biotechnology. 19. Kanika Sharma. Manual of Microbiology: Tools and Techniques. | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5 x 20 marks = 100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF441B - FOOD TECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
The paper is intended to provide have coherent knowledge and understanding of chemistry of food components like proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Paper also provides information on beneficial and harmful association of microbes with food and how microbes can be effectively used for production of food. Students get an idea on food laws, standards and regulations in food processing, production, marketing and safety. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Students will understand the basic concepts in food science and will get knowledge of
the different food preparation methods. CO2: They will understand the requirement of food with respect to energy, food and
consumer safety, nutrients and their impact on health. They will get the knowledge of
nutritive value of cereals, pulses, nuts, fruits and vegetables, and nutritional factors, factors affecting cooking. CO3: They will understand the processing of oilseeds, rice and wheat isolates. Students will
also acquire the knowledge of structure and nutritive value and chemical composition of eggs, fish and meat. CO4: Students will able to identify the health disorders related to nutrition deficiency and
excess |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:2 |
Introduction
|
|
Food: source, functions of food, five basic food groups, Importance of food guide – food in relation to health, Cooking, objective and methods of cooking. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:20 |
Constituents of Food
|
|
Proteins: amino acids – peptides – proteins, modification of food products through heat processing. Effect of cooking – steaming or cooking under pressure of legumes. Detoxification. Analysis of proteins – principles in the determination of moisture content, ash content, nitrogen content – Kjeldahl’s method. Enzymes used in food processing. Enzymic browning – mode of action, secondary reaction of o-quinones, prevention of enzymic browning – thermal inactivation, pH, antioxidants Non-enzymic browning-Maillard reaction, prevention of non-enzymic browning. Artificial sweetening agents. Effect of cooking on the nutritive value of carbohydrates – bread and biscuit, processing and storage of carbohydrates. Principles involved in the analysis of carbohydrates – analysis of glucose, starch, Benedict method, Anthrone method, Neilson–Somoyogi method, analysis of crude fibers. Lipids: Emulsions and emulsifiers, rancidity of fats – chemistry of fat and oil processing – function and storage of fats. Heat treatment on the nutritive value of oilseeds, nuts and oil-seed meals. Role of MUFA and PUFA in preventing heart diseases. Analysis of oils and fats – analysis of crude fats and determination of iodine number, RM value, acid number and saponification values – principles. Minerals and vitamins: Sources, functions, bioavailability and deficiency of the following minerals (calcium, iron, iodine, fluorine, sodium and potassium (elementary treatment). Fortification with vitamins and minerals. Effect of cooking on vitamins and minerals Moisture in foods: Structure, Properties, Types of water in food and their specific function, Water activity and stability. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Food additives
|
|
Definitions, uses and functions of: Acids, Bases, Buffer system, Chelating / sequestering agents, Low calorie and non-nutritive sweeteners, Antioxidants, Emulsifying and Stabilizing agents, Anti-caking agents, Thickeners, Firming agents. Flour bleaching agents and Bread improvers. Anti-microbial agents/class-I and Class –II preservatives. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Food spoilage and food borne diseases
|
|
Factors influencing microbial growth in food(Intrinsic and extrinsic factors), contamination and spoilage in fruits, vegetables, poultry, milk and milk products, Bacterial food borne diseases ( Staphylococcal intoxification, Botulism, Salmonellosis, Shigellosis, Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Diarrhoea, Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis, Bacillus cereus Gastroenteritics) Food Borne Viral Pathogens (Norwalk virus, Norovirus, Reovirus, Rotavirus, Astrovirus, Adenovirus, Parvovirus, Hepatitis A Virus) Food Borne Animal Parasites Protozoa – Giardiasis, Amebiasis, Toxoplasmosis, Sarcocystosis, Crypotosporiodiosis. Cysticercosis/Taeniasis. Roundworm – Trichinosis, Anisakiasis. Mycotoxins: Aflatoxicosis, Deoxyni valenol Mycotoxicosis, Ergotism. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Food processing and preservation
|
|
Primary, secondary and tertiary processing, historical perspective, traditional technologies used in food processing, Effects of processing on components, properties and nutritional value of foods, Legume -Types, composition, milling, germination, cooking & processed products. Drying, freezing, canning, pasteurization, salting, sugaring, smoking, vacuum packing, artificial food additives, irradiation, modified atmosphere packing, Biopreservation | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Fermented products
|
|
Fermented food: origin, scope and development, sourkraut, youghurt, cheese, miso, tempeh, idli, dosa, Application of enzyme in food industry, Wine Production – Introduction, Grape Species and Varieties, Site selection and climate, Chemical constituents of grapes and wine, Fermentation, Post fermentation treatments, Specific distinctive wine styles, Sensory perception, and wine assessment. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Food Adulteration
|
|
Types of adulteration, Intentional Adulteration, Incidental Adulteration, Common adulterants in different foods – milk and milk products, vegetable oils, and fats, spices and condiments, cereals, pulses, sweetening agents and beverages. Contamination with toxic chemicals – pesticides and insecticides. Principles involved in the analysis of detection and prevention of food adulteration. | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:3 |
Food Quality Control
|
|
Specifications and standards: PFA, FPO, FDA, drug license, WHO standards, ISI specifications, packing and label requirements, essential commodities act, consumer protection act. AGMARK. | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. J. M. Jay, D. A. Loessner, J. Martin, Essentials of Food Microbiology, Londom: Arnold, 2005 2. Frazier, W.C, Food Microbiology, Mc Graw Hill Inc. 4th Edition, 2007 | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. N. Krieg, E.C.S. Chan, M.J.Pelczar, Modern Food Microbiology, 7th ed. Springer, 2004 2. D.A. Klein, J.P. Harley, L.M. Prescott, Microbiology, 6th ed. Brown publishers, 2008 | |
Evaluation Pattern valuation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks | |
MLIF441C - NUTRITION AND HEALTH SCIENCE (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
This course is to familiarize the students with fundamentals of food, nutrients and their relationship to health. Also to create awareness with respect to deriving maximum benefit from available food resources. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: To impart the basic knowledge about the fundamentals of nutritional demands in
various stages of life cycle. CO2: To acquire skills in planning adequate nutrients in different stages of life cycle to
maintain health CO3: To demonstrate the fundamental knowledge of nutrition and health. CO4: Students will have the level of expertise information in nutritive value and
application of nutrition in health sciences. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Basic concepts in food & nutrition
|
|
Introduction to nutrition - Food as source of nutrients, functions of food, definition of nutrition, nutrients & energy, adequate, optimum & good nutrition, malnutrition. Nutrition - Fitness, Athletics & Sports. Food guide - Basic five food groups How to use food guide (according to Recommended Dietary allowances R.D.A.). Interrelationship between nutrition & health: - Visible symptoms of goods health. Use of food in body - Digestion, Absorption, transport & utilization. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Nutrients
|
|
Functions, dietary sources and clinical manifestations of deficiency/ excess of the following nutrients: Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Fat soluble vitamins-A, D, E and K. Water soluble vitamins – thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin C Minerals – calcium, iron and iodine. Role of food in human health: The process of digestion, absorption, transport, utilization of carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins & water in human body. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Nutrition in health
|
|
Nutritional Needs during Pregnancy – Stages of pregnancy Normal growth and weight change, complications, Nutritional requirements, & meal planning. Nutrition during Infancy - Growth and development, factors influencing growth, difference between breast feeding and bottle feeding, factors to be considered in bottle feeding, different types of milk formulae available commercially. Nutritional needs of toddlers (1-5 year) &School children - Nutritional requirements of toddlers &school going children. Nutrition during Adolescence - Physical growth and changes. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Food sanitation and hygiene.
|
|
Introduction- Natural toxicants in food- Toxicant due to contamination of food with harmful bacteria, fungi, parasites, insects and rodents. Pesticide residue-Adulterants-Impact on human health-Prevention &control. Nutritional and infection relationship: Immunization and its importance, Food borne infection and intoxication diseases, foods involved, methods of prevention, Infestation of food borne diseases, Outbreak, Prevention signs and control of infection. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Community health and Nutrition
|
|
National and International agencies in uplifting the nutritional status -WHO, UNICEF, CARE, ICMR, ICAR, CSIR, CFTRI. Various nutrition related welfare programmes, ICDS, SLP, and others. Community nutrition programme planning - Identification of problem, analysis of causes, resources constraints, selection of interventions, setting a strategy, implementations and evaluation of the programme | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. The Atlas of Food by Erik Millstone; Tim Lang; Marion Nestle (Foreword by) Call Number: Reference 2nd Fl TX353 .M55 2008. 2. Dietary Reference Intakes by Jennifer J. Otten (Editor); Jennifer Pitzi Hellwig (Editor); Linda Meyers (Editor). Call Number: Reference 2nd Fl QP141 .D75 2006 3. Fundamentals of foods and Nutrition - Mudambi SR and Rajagopal M Y, Wiley Eastern Ltd. 8. ICMR- Nutritive value of Indian Foods, 1989. 4. Nutrition throughout the life cycle, Bonnie S.Worthinton, Roberts, Sue Rod well Williams.,The McGraw- Hill company,1996. 5. Nutrition in the life span- Virginia Beal, John Wiley & sons New York. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Nutrition Trends in India -Vinodhini Reddy, Prahlad Rao, Govmth Sastry and Kashinath, NIN, Hyderabad, 1993. 2. Modern Nutrition in Health and Diseases- Shills, E.M. Olson, A.J. and Shike, Lea and Febiger. 3. Dietetics -B. Srilakshmi, New Age International Pvt. Ltd, 2003. 4. NutritionScience-B.Srilakshmi,NewAgeInternationalPvt.Ltd., 2003. 5. Food,nutrition and diet therapy -Krause, Eleventh edition 6. Human Nutrition and Dietetics- Davidson S Passmore R, Brock JP, ELBS and Churchill, Livingstone. | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5 x 20 marks = 100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF441D - BIOPHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
BioPharmaceutical Quality Assurance describes various aspects of biopharmaceutical industry including quality and covers different allied information of the industry. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Students shall be able to understand the current biopharmaceutical industrial scenarios with respect to manufacturing practices and quality assurance. CO2: Students shall learn advance quality management system in the biopharmaceutical industry. CO3: Students shall be able to understand the GMP environment and subsequent audit procedures and regulatory guidelines. CO4: Students shall gain knowledge on the analytical techniques used in the biopharmaceutical industry. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
Introduction
|
|
Biopharmaceuticals and Biologics, Bio-generics and Biosimilars, Examples of Bio-generics and Biosimilars- India and Global, Approval procedure: US (ANDA, BLA), EU, Japan and India, Role of patents, High selling recombinant products, Challenges
| |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Characterization of biosimilars
|
|
Approaches to the characterization of biosimilars; Problems in characterizing biologics (Types of biologic, Peptides, Non-glycosylated proteins, Glycosylated proteins, Monoclonal antibodies); Equivalence issues; Post-translational modifications; Effect of microheterogeneity; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacodynamics; and Clinical efficacy; Analytical methods for the characterization of biosimilars (Chromatography, Protein sequencing, Mass spectrometry, UV absorption, Circular dichroism, X-ray techniques, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Electrophoresis, Western Blotting, Bioassays, ELISA, Immunoprecipitation and other procedures). | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
Clinical Studies
|
|
Schedule-Y, Pre-clinical study requirements, Clinical trial phases and types, Bioethics & Stakeholders, Bio-Availability & Bio-Equivalence studies, Regulatory aspects.
| |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:5 |
Regulatory Authorities
|
|
Basic introduction on Global Regulatory Authorities: WHO, ICH, CDSCO (India), Pharmacopoeias, FDA (USA), TGA (Australia), PMDA (Japan), MHRA (UK), Health Canada (Canada), ROW.
| |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
cGMP and Quality Assurance
|
|
cGMP: Basic concept, Quality Management System (Change Control, CAPA and Deviation), Master Formula Record (MFR) & Batch Process Record (BPR), Technology Transfer Document (TTD), Equipment Qualification Procedures: DQ, IQ, OQ and PQ; Facility Management, Concept on process validation, Audit Procedures
| |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Data Integrity and Computerized System Validation (CSV)
|
|
Good Documentation Practise, Data integrity guideline (FDA, PIC/S, WHO), CSV: Basic concept, Good automated manufacturing practice (GAMP5). | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
R & D Dynamics
|
|
Basic concept of R&D in bio-pharmaceuticals. Basic Concept on different departments in R&D and their functions: Clone Development, Process Development (Upstream and Downstream), Formulation Development, Analytical Development, R&D Quality Assurance, Inter Disciplinary teams (Manufacturing, Quality Control, Quality Assurance, Manufacturing Science And Technology-MSAT, Regulatory Affairs). Different R&D documentations (Protocols, Reports, Common Technical Document as per ICH M4Q R1). Early Stage Development, Late Stage Development and Post Approval Changes.
| |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
Quality by design
|
|
International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) quality guidelines for biologics: Stability (Q1D, QIE and Q1F), Analytical Validation (Q2), Quality of Biotechnology products (Q5A, Q5B, QBC, Q5D and Q5E), Good Manufacturing Practise (Q7), Pharmaceutical Development (Q8), Pharmaceutical Quality System (Q10). Quality Risk Management (Q9) and Risk Assessment: different methodologies such as FMEA, FMECA, HAZOP etc. Basic Concept on Process Characterization (Univaritae OFAT and Multivariate studies, Application of statistical tools, Design of Experiments (DOE), Concept on a few DOE softwares. A-MAb case study and Data analysis.
| |
Unit-9 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Statistical Process Control
|
|
Basic Concept, Control Charts, Multivariate modelling, Six Sigma strategy, Case based discussions
| |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5 x 20 marks = 100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF441E - NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
Nanobiotechnology is an upcoming field in the recent era having multitude applications in Medicine, Environmental technology and Biotechnology. Recent researchers have discovered nano sized particles used for drug delivery, gene delivery, cancer immunotherapy, and enzyme delivery to target sites, industrial and environmental applications. This paper will emphasize the introductory knowledge on nano science and their applications in biological field. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Recognize the role of bio nanotechnology as an interdisciplinary tool and to
understand how to use these new tools in solving biological problems CO2: Demonstrate the interactions and relationship between molecular dynamics,
nanoscale physics and macroscopic system behaviour CO3: Explain biophysical mechanisms in the context of nanobiotechnology application
areas. CO4: Analyze and discuss the engineering requirements of multidisciplinary technology
based on biology and challenges of commercializing new technologies |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
INTRODUCTION TO NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
|
|
Defining Nanobiotechnology and nanomaterial - Classification of nanostructures - Nanospheres, Nanotubes, Nanorods, Nanowires, Nanosheets, Quantum dots - Effects of the nanometre length scale - Changes to the system structure - How nanoscale dimensions affect properties - Nanocomposites - Graphene - Carbon Nanotubes - Fullerenes - Natural Nanomaterials - Bio-inspired nanomaterials. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
SYNTHESIS METHODS OF NANOMATERIALS
|
|
Physical synthesis - Ball Milling - Electrodeposition - Spray Pyrolysis - Thermal evaporation Chemical synthesis - Sol-Gel Process - Metal Nanocrystals by Reduction - Solvothermal Synthesis - Biological Synthesis - Protein-Based Nanostructure Formation - DNA-Templated Nanostructure Formation - Protein Assembly, Green synthesis | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
PROPERTIES OF NANOMATERIALS
|
|
Physical properties - Electrical, Optical, Mechanical, Magnetic, Quantum confinement, Surface Plasmon resonance - Electrochemical Properties of Nanoscale Materials, Intra-molecular bonding, Inter-molecular bonding, Nanocatalysis, Surface energy, Self-assembly - Interaction Between Biomolecules and Nanoparticle Surfaces | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
CHARACTERIZATION METHODS
|
|
X-ray diffraction (XRD) - Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). Electron microscopes: Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) - Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM); Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) -UV - Visible Spectrophotometer - Photoluminescence (PL) Spectrophotometer - Fourier Transform InfraRed Spectrometer (FTIR) - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) - Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) - Thermogravimetric/Diffferential Thermal Analyzer (TG/DTA) | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
NANO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE
|
|
Nanoparticles – Phytotoxicity tests/assays; Nano-materials to improve crop productivity, Seed pretreatment, Growth promotion, Nano- fertilizers, Nano- pesticides, Nano-nutrient. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
NANOTECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
|
|
Nanoparticles in bio- degradation, nano-material-based adsorbents for water treatment, possible mutagenic properties of nanoparticles, nanoparticle bioaccumulation. Ecological effects of nanoparticles. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
NANOTECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE
|
|
Application of Nano-biotechnology in drug Delivery. Nanoscale Devices for Drug Discovery. Micelles for Drug Delivery. Nanotechnology for Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment. Nanotechnology for Cancer Research and Therapy. siRNA. Tumor-targeted Drug Delivery Systems. Nanotechnology for Imaging and Detection | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
NANOTECHNOLOGY AND FOOD INDUSTRY
|
|
Nanomaterials for food Applications - Toxicity of Nanoparticles, Future Perspectives. | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5 x 20 marks = 100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF442A - ALGAL TECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
This course covers the basic science and technology of algae cultivation. This paper provides students with the skills required to work in the algae cultivation (algal culture) industry or create their own algaculture business. Students will learn the controlled environment requirements for the successful cultivation of various algae species. The program emphasizes training in algal cultivation technologies, including algaculture extension training. Knowledge acquired will prepare students for jobs as Greenhouse/Agricultural Workers, Plant Technicians, Plant Managers, Laboratory Technicians, Sales Managers, Public Relations and Outreach, Process Coordinators, Extension Service and/or Business Owners/Managers. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Understand the common cultivation methods of microalgae including
photobioreactors and open ponds CO2: Analyze the major cultivation methods of seaweeds, along with detailed life history
of selected high-value seaweed species from India. CO3: Understand the cultivation and optimization strategies of biofuel production CO4: Understanding the chemical composition, carbon capture and sequestration of
various algae for industrial application. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:18 |
Introduction to algal biotechnology
|
|
The resource potential of algae; the commercial utility of algae. Algae as a source of food and feed; Algae as a source of pigments, fine chemicals, fuel and bio-fertilizers. Distribution of economically important algae in India. Cultivation Methods for Microalgae Lab-scale culture, Photo-bioreactors: types and optimization, Open systems: Ponds, Strategies to increase biomass in algal culture systems. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Cultivation Methods for Seaweeds
|
|
Life history of major commercially important seaweed species of India (Including Kappaphycus, Sargassum, Monostroma, Ulva, Porphyra), Nursery rearing of zoids of seaweed species, Commercial mariculture methods of seaweeds, Floating raft method, semifloating raft method, off-bottom method and bottom planting method, Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Production of Biofuel
|
|
Major algal species for biofuel research, advantageous for using algae for biofuel production in comparison with terrestrial plants like Jatropha, strategies to increase oil content of algae, downstream processing for the biofuel production. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Carbon Capture and Sequestration with algae
|
|
Introduction to Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS), CCS as mitigation for climate change, CCS through algae, strategies to increase carbon sequestration levels, Major algal species as a candidate for CCS. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Chemical composition
|
|
Protein, amino acids, lipids, waxes, glycerol, vitamins, pigments, chlorophyll, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins. Algal immobilization and its applications; Blue-green algal bio-fertilizer: Method of preparation, application and its advantages over inorganic fertilizers. | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%).
| |
MLIF442B - ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
Students shall be able to understand the sustainability and impact of biodiversity. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Students shall understand the ethical issues with emphasis on ecology and biology CO2: Understand the solid waste, its management and bioremediation strategies to clean
up the environment. CO3: Understand the global environmental problems, pollution, climate change and its
impact on the environment and the laws related to the environment CO4: Understand the biodiversity of flora and fauna and the strategies applied for
conservation of biodiversity. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Ecology and Environment
|
|
Definition, history and scope of ecology, sub divisions of ecology, ecology vs environmental science. Interdisciplinary nature of environmental science. Population Ecology. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:16 |
Ecosystem
|
|
Review of the concept of ecosystem – pond and forest as examples of natural ecosystem, the characters and significance of natural ecosystems. Significance of habitat and niche. Energetics in an ecosystem – Laws of Thermodynamics, Energy flow, Trophic level and structure in ecosystem, Food chain, Ecological pyramids. Ecological succession -The concept, definition and reasons of succession. Characteristics of succession, Classification of succession (Hydrosere and Xerosere in detail). Types of succession. Mechanism of succession. Review of Bio-geo Chemical cycles. Remote sensing: Definition and data acquisition techniques. Application of remote sensing in vegetation classification, understanding the key environmental issues and ecosystem management. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Environmental pollution
|
|
a) Definition and classification. (b) Water pollution: Water quality parameters and standards, different types of pollutants and their consequences. Types of water pollution, prevention and control - water shed management, waste water treatment. Waste water treatment with aquatic macrophytes. (c) Air pollution: Air quality standards and index, ambient air monitoring using high volume air sampler, types and sources of air pollutants, air pollution and human health hazards, control of air pollution. (d) Noise pollution. (e) Radioactive and thermal pollution: Causes and hazardous effects, effective management | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Environmental biotechnology and solid waste management
|
|
Concept of waste, types and sources of solid wastes including e-waste. Bioremediation (types, advantages & disadvantages, biodegradation of surfactants, petroleum products and lignocellulose), Phytoremediation (types, advantages and disadvantages), bioaugmentation, biofilms, biofilters, bioscrubbers and trickling filters. Use of bioreactors in waste management. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
Global environmental problems and climate change
|
|
(a) Global warming, greenhouse gases, acid rain, ozone depletion. Holistic relationship between air water and land pollution. (b) Factors responsible for climate change, El-Nino and La Nina phenomenon and its consequences. (c) Effect of climate change on reproductive biology and biogeography. (d) Environmental laws, environmental monitoring and bio indicators, environmental safety provisions in Indian constitution, major environmental laws in free India, ISO-14000. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:14 |
Biodiversity and its conservation
|
|
(a) Basic principles of resource management, definition and classification of resources, problems of resource depletion, preservation, conservation and restoration, patterns of resource depletion, resource economics and resource overuse. Indian case studies on conservation/management strategy (Project tiger, Biosphere reserve) (b) Current biodiversity loss - concept of endemism, rare, endangered and threatened species (RET), key stone species, IUCN account of biodiversity, red data book and hot spots, reasons to stop extinction, methods to save species. (c) Principles of conservation - ex-situ and in-situ conservation techniques. Biodiversity conservation: Species diversity, community diversity, ecosystem diversity and landscape preservation. Biodiversity index (Simpson’s Index, Shannon-Wiener index), Similarity index (Sørensen index). Role of biotechnology in conservation of species.
(d) Ecotourism - positive and negative impacts.
| |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. Fundamentals of Ecology by Eugene P. ODUM (1972), W.B. Saunders Company, London. 2. Environmental Biology by Michael Reiss and Jenny Chapman, 2000. Cambridge Press, UK. 3. An Introduction to Ecology and Population by Emmel THOMAS, C. (1973), Notron, NY. 4. Fundamentals of Ecology by DASH, M.C., 1993. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. 5. Global Environmental Science: Lecture Notes for Physical Geography. 2021. by Jeffrey A. Lee. 6. Climate Change: Biological and Human Aspects (Kindle Edition). 2012. By Jonathan Cowie. 7. Environmental Science. 2014. By Daniel D. Chiras | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Principles of Ecotoxicology by BUTLER, O.C., 1978. John Wiley & Sons, USA. 2. Environment and Ecology by Majid Husain, 2015, Access Publishing 3. Population Ecology, by KirtiAgarwal, GAURAV BOOK CENTRE PVT LTD 4. Casarett and Doulls’s 1980. Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons.. II (Eds.) Macmillan publishing co., Inc, New York. 5. Butler, G.C. 198\78, Principles of Ecotoxicology. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester. 6. Fumi Matsumura, 1980. Toxicology of Insecticides. Plenum Press, New York and London. | |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5x20 marks=100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF442C - SERICULTURE AND SERITECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
The theory and entrepreneurial spirit in this subject, as well as research prospects, are what the sericulture and seri technology course aims to instill. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: To get thorough knowledge of the fundamentals and latest developments in sericulture and seri-biotechnology. CO2: To develop the self-assurance necessary to engage in sericulture as a business and/or mentor farmers with the help of the practical training received during the course. CO3: To follow proper technology of rearing silkworm larvae and using disinfection methods so that to get healthy cocoons. CO4: Sustainability to get a steady and reasonable income to growers and sericulture farmers and improving rural economy. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:6 |
General Introduction
|
|
Definition, Origin and history of Sericulture, Silk industry in the World and in India, Organisation of Sericulture industry in India – Government of India – Central Silk Board – State Departments of Sericulture, Silkworm races Classification of Mulberry silkworm on the basis of its origin, moultinism, voltinism and geographical distribution, Different species of non -mulberry silkworm. Brief account of food plants (Tasar, Muga and Eri), Types of cocoon and silk produced by them, Role of women in Sericulture-Women participation in mulberry cultivation, silkworm rearing-silk reeling-weaving and finishing. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Biology of Mulberry plant and cultivation
|
|
Morphology of mulberry plants (with special reference to Karnataka), Importance of soils; soil analysis (sampling, pH, organic carbon and NPK level), Propagation of mulberry (seedling, sapling, grafting and layering), Weather elements; influence of climatic factors on growth and productivity of mulberry, agro-climatic zones, agricultural applications of remote sensing; Raising of commercial nursery, Manures and fertilizers (Types, dosage, application and schedule; biofertilizers and foliar nutrition; micro nutrients; composting and vermicomposting), Intercultivation practices (purpose, methods, time and frequency; mulching; Weeding), Irrigation (methods, periodicity and quantity of irrigation, over-irrigation and its effects), Leaf harvesting (harvesting methods- leaf and shoot harvests, transportation and preservation), Estimation of leaf yield in rainfed and irrigated conditions, Importance of leaf quality, Integrated weed management; By-products of mulberry and their utilization. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Silkworm Biology and Egg production
|
|
Classification of silkworms: Geographical distribution, moultinism, voltinism, cocoon colour and shape, popular silkworm breeds and hybrids of Karnataka; their economic traits, Morphology and life cycle of the silkworm, Bombyx mori: Egg, larva, pupa and adult. Morphology and anatomical features of silk gland and Reproductive systems of silk moths, Silkworm seed organization: Importance of quality seed cocoon production – norms and procedure followed in P3, P2 and P1 levels; seed areas and selected seed rearers; seed legislation act; Grainage: Location and capacity; model grainage; Seed cocoon markets, norms for purchase of bivoltine and multivoltine seed cocoons, procurement and transportation of seed cocoons Environmental requirements for silkworm egg production; planning for hybrid silkworm egg production; Cold storage of Dfls: Short and long term chilling, hibernation schedules for preservation of silkworm eggs. Artificial hatching of hibernating eggs – hot and cold acid treatment. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
Silkworm rearing technology
|
|
Rearing House: Requirements (site selection, size of rearing house), Orientation (Model rearing house, B Model, advantages and disadvantages, Rearing appliances (design and cost requirements of caring appliances for 100 dfls), Disinfection (Importance, types – effective Concentration, method of preparation, time of disinfections), Selection of silkworm races/breeds, Estimation of leaf quality (time for estimation of leaf yield, calculation of brushing capacity based on yield), Incubationn, Brushing, Harvesting, Chawki rearing (importance, environmental conditions required, leaf requirement, selection of different chawki, use of nets and feeding schedules, spacing, chawki rearing centers, labour requirements), Moulting, care), Late age rearing, Rearing methods, Harvesting of cocoons, Cocoon assessment – significance –cost of cocoon production cocoon ratio - maintenance of rearing records; Diseases of silkworm, prevention and control, general account of disinfection and relative efficiency of different disinfectants; Artificial diet for silkworm rearing: Composition, merits and demerits; By-products of silkworm rearing and their utilization. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
Mulberry and Silkworm Biotechnology
|
|
Introduction to certain biotechnological tools in mulberry and silkworm (cell and tissue culture, transgenic animals) and their application in sericulture industry (new textile fibres, improvement of silkworm strains and marker assisted breeding)- Micropropagation; Production and uses of haploids, Somatic hybridization: Preservation and screening of germplasm, Silkworm cell culture, Principles and fundamentals of biotechnology; Application of biotechnology in silkworm – new textile fibres, improvement of silkworm strains and marker assisted breeding. | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:8 |
Entrepreneurship Development in Sericulture
|
|
Emergence and objectives of Entrepreneurship development programme (EDP), essential qualities to become an entrepreneur; selection of a potential entrepreneur; Marketing of silk, Silk grading (Brief idea of silk conditioning and testing), Processing of Silk (Twisting and weaving-Twisting machinery and processing-different types of hand loom and power loom weaving), Degumming-Bleaching-Dyeing-Printing –Finishing Silk. - Utilization of by products (e.g. as cattle feed) and Seri wastes; Employment Generation in different sectors of Sericulture, Sericulture marketing organization – cocoon market and silk exchange - regulated and non regulated market – stabilization of price in cocoon market and silk exchange; EDP in raising mulberry saplings; EDP in organization of chawki rearing centres; EDP in silkworm egg production and rearing; Contract farming and its scope in sericulture. | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5 x 20 marks = 100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF442D - FORENSIC BIOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
The Forensic Biology course will attract those with an interest in the application of basic sciences and common sense to the investigation of crime and analysis of crucial evidence. The program provides an intellectually challenging study of the full range of forensic applications, mainly Forensic Biology, various biological fluids, their forensic examination, morphology and anatomy of fibres, forensic entomology and wildlife forensic. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: To know about various biological evidence and their forensic examination and
analysis CO2: To understand the composition of blood, identification and examination of various
biological fluids and their forensic applications. CO3: To understand the concept of forensic entomology, implementation in forensic
science. CO4: Apply knowledge of wildlife techniques in the forensic field. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:10 |
INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC BIOLOGY
|
|
Biological evidence: Importance, nature, location, collection and evaluation. Hair and Fibers: Importance, nature, location, collection, evaluation and tests for their identification. Importance and identification of Botanical evidence such as Pollen grains, wood, leaves and seeds. Composition of body fluids - blood, semen, saliva, vaginal fluid, urine, sweat and menstrual blood. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:20 |
BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS FORENSIC EXAMINATION.
|
|
Identification of blood stains: Presumptive tests- Benzidine test, Phenolphthalein test, Leucomalachite test, Tetra-Methyl benzidine test and O-Tolidine, Luminol test. Confirmatory tests- Haemochromogen test, Haematin test and Haemin test. Typing of blood antigens from dried stains. Latte’s test, Absorption Elution, Absorption Inhibition, Mixed agglutination. Identification of seminal stains; Presumptive Tests-Acid Phosphatase Test, Barberios Test and Florence Crystal Test. Confirmatory Test -Sperm Detection. Identification of saliva stains: Starch iodine test, Radial gel diffusion and examination of buccal epithelial cells. Identification of Urine stains: Physical examination, Odor Test, Urea nitrate crystal test and creatinine test. Identification of vomit stains: Detection of Mucus, Free HCL and Endothelial cells. Identification of faecal stains:microscopic detection of undigested food particles, vegetables material and muscle fibers, Urobilinogen Test. Diatoms and Pollen grains, Collection of insects, preservation and shipments of insects, identification and Forensic Significance. Microorganism in biological warfare. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
MORPHOLOGY OF HUMAN BODY
|
|
Human Body – External Morphology. Introduction of human Skelton. Gross morphology of long bones and human dentition. Bite marks- Forensic significance. Hair structure and it’s growth. Phases of growth and growth rate. Hair characteristics from various body parts. Sex, age and race from hair. Forensic examination and comparison of hair. Determination of species from hair, Forensic significance of hair. Types of vegetable fibers and their identification. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:15 |
FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY
|
|
Forensic Entomology- History, significance, determination of time since death Dipterans larval development- life cycle of blowfly, housefly, flesh-fly. Successional colonization of body, determining whether the body has been moved, body disturbance, presence and position wounds, linking suspect to the scene, identification of drugs and toxins from the insects and larvae feeding on the body, entomology as an evidentiary tool in child and senior abuse cases and animal abuse cases, collection and preservation of entomological evidence. | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5 x 20 marks = 100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF442E - OCEANOGEAPHY AND FISHERY TECHNOLOGY (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:100 |
Credits:4 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
In-depth practical knowledge of marine sciences, pond management, and marketing will all be covered in this course. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Describe the various types and factors of Oceanography. CO2: Relate suitable aquaculture techniques for industrial use. CO3: Illustrate the biology and breeding methods in finfish and shellfish species. CO4: Designing aquaculture culture systems and hatchery techniques for commercial
purposes with advanced techniques. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
OCEANOGRAPHY
|
|
Physical Oceanography: Seawater and its properties; Air-Sea interaction; Geotrophy & large scale circulation of the upper ocean; Tides, Waves, Currents, Ocean circulation and Monsoon; Chemical Oceanography: composition of seawater, including trace elements and dissolved organics, elemental and nutrient cycles, salinity & chemical transformations, Gas solubility; inorganic Characteristics of Seawater; Biological Oceanography: Living organisms of the ocean: physical parameters & their effects on organisms; characteristics of organisms living in the water column; Characterization of Marine Sediments - Constituents, Mass properties, Texture etc.; Molecular tool to study Bacterial diversity in sediments; Geographical and seasonal variation in plankton production and trophic dynamics; Indicator species. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:11 |
AQUACULTURE CULTURE SYSTEMS AND HATCHERY TECHNIQUES
|
|
Importance of coastal aquaculture; Aquafarms; Design and construction; Criteria for selecting cultivable species; Culture systems and management practices – extensive, semi-intensive and intensive culture practices, Seed production in controlled condition; Types; Design and management of hatchery – induced spawning; Mass production of seeds; Artificial insemination - in vitro fertilization; Culture of Live food organisms: Candidate species of phytoplankton & zooplankton as live food organisms of freshwater & marine species; biology & culture requirements of live food organisms: green algae, diatoms, rotifers, infusoria, tubifex, brine shrimp and earthworms. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
FISH AND SHELLFISH BIOLOGY AND BREEDING
|
|
Male and female of finfish and shellfish; Primary and secondary sex characters; neuroendocrine system in crustacean & molluscs & its role in the control of reproduction; Pheromones & reproductive behaviour; environmental factors influencing reproduction; Advances in Fish Breeding: Hypophysation, evaluation of carp milt and egg, cryopreservation technique, Genetic basis of determination of sex; chromosome manipulation: ploidy induction, sex reversal; gynogenesis and androgenesis; Broodstock management; Application of Crossbreeding in aquaculture; Selective breeding: qualitative and quantitative traits for selection, methods of selection; Inbreeding and heterosis in various economic characters; hormone-induced ovulation; Synthetic hormones for induced breeding- GnRH analogue structure and function. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:12 |
INDUSTRIAL AQUACULTURE TECHNOLOGY
|
|
Fish Feed Technology: Types of feed, conventional feed vs functional feeds; Principles of feed formulation and manufacturing, diets suitable for application in different aquaculture systems; feed formulation ingredients; Use of natural and synthetic carotenoids; feed additives; Role of additives; Feed processing: Gelatinization, extrusion Technology, pellet dressing with heat liable nutrients; Feed evaluation; Feeding schedule to different aquatic organisms, check tray operation and feed management, Biomass calculation based on feed intake; Post-harvest Biotechnology: Fundamental aspects of freezing, methods of freezing; Delaying of spoilage; Detection of toxic substances and pathogenic microbes; biosensors for toxin detection; Natural biomaterial used for preservation of fish, Antibiotic residual analysis techniques, detection of human pathogenic bacteria by PCR methods, Microbial and enzymatic standards of different fishery products. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:13 |
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES IN AQUACULTURE MANAGEMENT
|
|
Fish Cell culture Techniques: Tissue culture, cell lines, primary and secondary culture, cell culture-based vaccines, organ and histotypic cultures; measurement of cell death; apoptosis; Cell Hybridization: Somatic cell fusion, hybridoma technology, Production and Application of monoclonal antibodies; Transgenic production of fishes: definition, transgenic fish, Methods of gene transfer in fishes, single gene traits, detection of transgenes, screening for transgenics, site of integration, applications; Evaluation of GFP transgenics; Genetically modified Fish Production- Prospects and Problems. | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA1 (10%), CIA2 [Mid Semester Examination] (25%), CIA3 (10%), Attendance (5%) and End Semester Examination (50%). CIA1: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks CIA2: MID SEMESTER EXAMINATION for 50 marks CIA3: Assignment/test/poster preparation/review writing etc. for 20 marks Attendance in class: 10 marks END SEMSTER EXAMINATION: 5 x 20 marks = 100 marks. Out of five, three questions will have choices. | |
MLIF451A - FOOD, AGRICULTRURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
To learn the different methods of isolation and characterization of microbes involved in food, agriculture and environmental microbiology. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: To learn about the growth characteristics, identification, and pathogenesis of
microorganisms that are found in foods. CO2: To learn relationships between microbes and crops, with an emphasis on improving
yields and combating plant diseases. CO3: To provide a basic understanding of microbial flora found in soil, water and air. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Isolation of Microbes
|
|
Isolation of microbes by serial dilution and pour plate/spread plate technique. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Streak Plating
|
|
Isolation of microbes by streak plate method | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Biochemical test
|
|
IMVIC test | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Oxidase test
|
|
Oxidase test | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Catalase test
|
|
Catalase test | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Quality test for Milk
|
|
Litmus milk test | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Hydrogen Sulphide test
|
|
Hydrogen Sulphide test | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Carbohydrate fermentation test
|
|
Carbohydrate fermentation test | |
Unit-9 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Multiple Tube Fermentation test
|
|
Multiple Tube Fermentation test | |
Unit-10 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Methylene blue reductase test for milk.
|
|
Methylene blue reductase test for milk. | |
Unit-11 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Motility by hanging drop method.
|
|
Motility by hanging drop method. | |
Unit-12 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Detection of siderophore production by bacteria
|
|
Detection of siderophore production by bacteria | |
Unit-13 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Estimation of Mycorrhizal colonization in roots
|
|
Estimation of Mycorrhizal colonization in roots | |
Unit-14 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Isolation of Azotobacter from soil.
|
|
Isolation of Azotobacter from soil. | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation
| |
MLIF451B - FOOD TECHNOLOGY LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
The paper imparts practical knowledge on chemical analysis of food constituents and estimation of food nutrients. Students also gain skills on analyzing the quality of food. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: Students will acquire knowledge about different tests for carbohydrates, protein and
water, cholesterol and phenols in food. CO2: Acquire knowledge about evaluating food adulterants and handling different
instruments used in food analysis. CO3: Students will be able to prepare wine and do alcohol estimation in it. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Gluten content in Food
|
|
To estimate gluten content in food. | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Polyphenol content in Food
|
|
To estimate polyphenols in food | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Sugar content in Food
|
|
To estimate sugar content in food. | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Cholesterol in Food
|
|
To estimate cholesterol in food | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Moisture content in food
|
|
To estimate moisture content in food | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Production of alcoholic beverages
|
|
To produce wine and beer | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Quality analysis
|
|
To study the quality of milk and water. | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Detection of adulterants
|
|
Qualitative tests for detection of adulterants | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
| |
Evaluation Pattern Evaluation
| |
MLIF451C - NUTRITION AND HEALTH SCIENCE LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
|
The paper focuses on the qualitative and quantitative aspects of different nutritions and their health advantages in human. |
|
Course Outcome |
|
CO1: To understand the structure and functions of the different organs systems in relation
to nutrition CO2: To design new food products and solutions that provide the required nutrient needs
while properly taking public health and safety into account. CO3: To recognize and analyze the uses of food additives, nutraceuticals, functional foods
in the development of products, from concept to assessment of the food product's quality. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Diet for nutritional deficiency
|
|
To enable the students to develop recipes for treating various nutritional deficiencies | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
nutrition and disease
|
|
To develop in them the skill to modify normal diets for disease conditions. | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Weights and Measures
|
|
Weights and measures; preparing market order and table setting | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Food preparation
|
|
Food preparation, understanding the principle involved, nutritional quality and portion size. | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Market survey
|
|
Market survey of preserved fruit and vegetable products | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Nutritional Labelling
|
|
Nutritional labelling development and understanding- use of computer graphics as an aid. | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Food Adulteration
|
|
Simple test for food adulteration | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Assessment of nutritional status
|
|
Assessment of nutritional status: Anthropometry – weight and height measurements | |
Unit-9 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Therapeutic Diets
|
|
Planning, preparation and service of diets for the following therapeutic Diets – Normal, Soft, Clear and full fluid
| |
Unit-10 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Diet plan
|
|
Planning and preparation of snacks for PEM (Protein Energy Malnutrition), VAD (Vitamin A Deficiency) and IDA (Iron Deficiency Anemia) (one full day’s diet for PEM and snacks for PEM, VAD and IDA). | |
Unit-11 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Report submission
|
|
Students to collect information about any National programme | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
| |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern Evaluation
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MLIF451D - BIOPHARMACEUTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This course shall train students on quality assurance workflow and audit procedure in the industry. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Perform audit responsibility independently in the industrial facility CO2: Appreciate the work procedure in the biopharmaceutical industry CO3: To design industry relevant projects and learn cost benefit analysis for the industrial
project |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Practical in Biopharmaceutical Quality Assurance
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Text Books And Reference Books:
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Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern The evaluation will be based on performance, record, mid semester practical exams which are included in the CIA and End semester practical examination. CIA - 50%, ESE - 50% CIA Components
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MLIF451E - NANOTECHNOLOGY LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This paper will provide ample introductory knowledge to the students under going this course and make them familiarize with the past, present and latest technologies involved in the synthesis and designing of nano particles for specific applications. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Demonstrate technical and cognitive skills associated with nanobiotechnology. CO2: Understand the various methods for synthesis and characterization of nanoparticle CO3: Gain in depth knowledge on applied nanobiotechnology |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Nanotechnology Lab
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Text Books And Reference Books:
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Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern Evaluation
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MLIF452A - ALGAL TECHNOLOGY LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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To learn the culturing technique of algae and estimation of the various biochemicals present in the different samples of the algae |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Hands-on experience on culturing microalgae and analyzing the biochemical and
nutrition aspects of the algae. CO2: Understand the photobioreactor and analyze the parameters of algal growth. CO3: Students shall get hands on experience analyzing the phytochemicals and
antioxidant potential of the alga |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
culture of microalgae
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Flask culture of microalgae | |
Unit-2 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Lipid content
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Assessment of lipid contents of microalgae grown in different conditions (media, temperature, aeration etc) | |
Unit-3 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Photobioreactor
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Demonstration of photobioreactor and trial run with a microalgal culture | |
Unit-4 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
study tour
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A study visit to raceway pond culture of microalgae | |
Unit-5 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Sea weed farming
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A study visit to seaweed farm (Kappaphycus cultivation farm) | |
Unit-6 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Algal pigments
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Isolation of pigments from different algae | |
Unit-7 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Quantification of algal biomolecules
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Estimation of proteins and carbohydrates from different algae | |
Unit-8 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
DNA extraction
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DNA isolation and quantification from different algae | |
Unit-9 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
SCP
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Production and quantification of single cell protein from algae | |
Unit-10 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Phenolic content
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Estimation of total phenolic content from different algal samples | |
Unit-11 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Flavonoid content
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Estimation of total flavonoid content from different algal samples | |
Unit-12 |
Teaching Hours:4 |
Antioxidant activity
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Determination of antioxidant activity from different algal samples | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
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Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern Evaluation
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MLIF452B - ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This paper shall provide sufficient information and knowledge about environment and the factors affecting the environmental changes. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: Development of analytical and laboratory skills, understanding field ethics and
observation skills and primary productivity of the water ecosystem. CO2: To learn about the environment and the factors affecting the environmental changes CO3: To learn and understand the flora and fauna and to analyze the interactions between
plants and animals. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Practical in Environmental Sciences
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1. Estimation of Aquatic - Primary productivity - Dark and Light bottle. 2. Estimation of pH, Dissolved oxygen in water samples 3. Estimation of Carbon di-oxide, Salinity in water samples. 4. Estimation of carbonates and Bicarbonates in water samples. 5. Analysis of industrial effluent - TDS, TSS, BOD, (COD - Demonstration). 6. Field visit to natural ecosystem and identification of trophic levels, food webs and food chains, plant diversity (species and community). 7. Animal Association - parasitism, mutualism and commensalisms. 8. Visit to treatment Plants a) Drinking water treatment plant. b) Effluent Treatment. c) Sewage treatment. 9. Estimation of Biodiversity following transact and quadrate method. 10. Study of Avian diversity in agricultural area/undisturbed area/monoculture area. 11. Study of insect crustacean diversity on a plateau/agricultural field/undisturbed area/wild. 12. Study of wildlife and birds in a National park/Sanctuary/Zoo. 13. Quantitative and qualitative community analysis. Carry out a project on species structure and the frequency, abundance, density of different species and similarity index of different communities in a natural system. Students must be able to explain the structure of vegetation from the given data on the above mentioned characteristics. 14. Study of Nematode diversity in Agricultural Field/Mangroves/Coconut plantation. 15. Visit to Aranya Bhavan (Forest Cell in Bengaluru. 16. Use of tools (like camera, binoculars, uniscope, snake tongs, camera trap etc.) in field study | |
Text Books And Reference Books: 1. An Introduction to Ecology and Population by Emmel THOMAS, C. (1973), Notron, NY. 2. Fundamentals of Ecology by DASH, M.C., 1993. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. 3. Principles of Ecotoxicology by BUTLER, O.C., 1978. John Wiley & Sons, USA. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Environment and Ecology by Majid Husain, 2015, Access Publishing 2. Population Ecology, by Kirti Agarwal, GAURAV BOOK CENTRE PVT LTD. | |
Evaluation Pattern The evaluation will be done on the basis of CIA-1 (10%), CIA-2 (Mid-Semester Examination) (20%), CIA-3 (20%), and End-Semester Examination (50%). | |
MLIF452C - SERICULTURE AND SERITECHNOLOGY LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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This course shall offer hands-on experience on silk and related technologies. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: To know Technology of Mulberry cultivation and basic inputs of water, irrigation,
fertilizers, and pest management. CO2: To study the biology and varieties of mulberry silkworms and the basic techniques of
silk production, follow proper rearing and disinfection methods get healthy cocoons CO3: Students will be familiar with sericulture byproducts and marketing possibilities of
silk. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
SERICULTURE AND SERITECHNOLOGY LAB
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Text Books And Reference Books:
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Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern
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MLIF452D - FORENSIC BIOLOGY LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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To understand field ethics and field observation skills. |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: To identify various biological fluids and their forensic examinations. CO2: Isolation and quantification of DNA from blood and proteins present in biological
samples. CO3: Applying advanced techniques for analysis of wildlife forensic samples. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
Introduction to Forensic Science
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1. Different staining procedures for cellular organelles. 2. Physical, biochemical and spectrophotometric examination of blood stains. 3. Examination of seminal stains by crystal tests, biochemical and microscopical analysis. 4. Examination of saliva and its stains. 5. Determination of origin of species from biological fluids. 6. Collection and extraction of DNA using FTA card. 7. Isolation of DNA from blood and its quantification. 8. Experiments on electrophoresis of red cell isoenzymes e.g. PGM, GLO-I, EsD, EAP. 9. Different mathematical calculations for data analysis using Microsoft Excel. 10. Extraction of proteins from various biological samples. 11. Protein estimation by different techniques 12. SDS-PAGE for protein analysis 13. DNA extraction from various forensic samples 14. Polymerase chain reaction 15. STR Genotyping and interpretation 16. Sequence comparison using BLAST 17. Construction of Phylogenetic tree from nucleotide and protein sequences. 18. Analysis of protein structure using RASMOL | |
Text Books And Reference Books:
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Essential Reading / Recommended Reading
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Evaluation Pattern
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MLIF452E - OCEANOGEAPHY AND FISHERY TECHNOLOGY LAB (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:60 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:4 |
Max Marks:50 |
Credits:2 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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Course Outcome |
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CO1: To assess the influence of various environmental parameters on aquaculture. CO2: To learn by Modern analytical methods used in environmental monitoring. CO3: To understand the biotechnological tools in aquaculture and develop entrepreneurship skills. |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:60 |
OCEANOGEAPHY AND FISHERY TECHNOLOGY LAB
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Text Books And Reference Books: 1. Sverdrup, H.U., M.W. Johnson and R.H. Flemming 1958. The Oceans – their Physics, Chemistry and General Biology. Prentice – Hall Inc. New Jersey, 1087 pp. 2. McCormick, J.M. and J.V. Thiruvathakal, 1976. Elements of Oceanography. 2 nd edition, 3. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 346 pp 4. Stowe, K., 1996. Exploring Ocean Science. John Wiley Sons Inc, NewYork 426 pp. | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading 1. Duxbury, A.C., A.B. Duxbury and K.A. Sverdrup, 2000. An Introduction To The World’s Oceans. Wm. C. Brown Publishers,UK. 528 pp. 2. Harold V.Thurman, 2004. Introductory Oceanography. 10th edition, Prentice Hall Inc, New Jersey, 624 pp. 3. Genny Anderson, 2009. Tools of the Oceanography: Sampling equipments, measuring equipment, online marine science; Santa Barbara, California, USA. 4. Fisheries research planning and Management in developing countries- V.R.P.Sinha- International Books and Periodicals services (IBS)-New Delhi. 5. Live feeds in Marine Aquaculture- L.A.McEvoy and J.G.Stottrup-Blackwell publishing company, UK. 6. Aquaculture Principles and Practices-T.V.R.Pillay, 2005, Fishing News Books, USA. 7. Fish and fisheries of India-V.G.Jingran-1975, Hindustan Publishing Corporation, Delhi. 8. Biology of finfish and shellfish-SCSC publishers-Howr | |
Evaluation Pattern
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MLIF481A - RESEARCH PROJECT (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:0 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:0 |
Max Marks:150 |
Credits:6 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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The main objective of this course is the awareness and understanding of students in the field of research, by learning the latest technologies in solving a research problem
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Course Outcome |
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Students will be able to |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:0 |
Not Applicable
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Not Applicable | |
Text Books And Reference Books: As per project | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading As per project | |
Evaluation Pattern Components- Thesis Submission and Viva | |
MLIF481B - INDUSTRIAL PROJECT (2022 Batch) | |
Total Teaching Hours for Semester:0 |
No of Lecture Hours/Week:0 |
Max Marks:150 |
Credits:6 |
Course Objectives/Course Description |
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The main objective of this course is the awareness and understanding of students in the field of research, by learning the latest technologies in solving a research problem.
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Course Outcome |
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Students will be able to |
Unit-1 |
Teaching Hours:0 |
Not Applicable
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Not Applicable | |
Text Books And Reference Books: As per project | |
Essential Reading / Recommended Reading As per project | |
Evaluation Pattern Components- Thesis Submission and Viva |